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Treatments for Alexander Syndrome
Treatments for Alexander Syndrome
The list of treatments mentioned in various sources for Alexander Syndrome includes the following list. Always seek professional medical advice about any treatment or change in treatment plans.
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Discussion of treatments for Alexander Syndrome:
There is no cure for Alexander disease, nor is there a standard course of treatment. Treatment of Alexander disease is symptomatic and supportive. (Source: excerpt from NINDS Alexander Disease Information Page: NINDS)Book Excerpts: Treatment of Alexander Syndrome
- Treatment - Dementia
- Emergency Actions - Muscle spasticity
- Nursing considerations - Muscle spasticity [Muscle hypertonicity]
- Nursing considerations - Gait, spastic [Hemiplegic gait]
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Dementia:
Treatment
(In a Page: Signs and Symptoms)
- Treat reversible causes (e.g., hypothyroidism, vitamin deficiency, cerebral vasculitis, neurosyphilis, HIV)
- Manage nonreversible etiologies, including genetic risks, health care planning, and help groups (e.g., Alzheimer's Association)
- Alzheimer's disease: Anticholinesterases (e.g., tacrine, donepezil) may improve cognitive function; selegiline and α
- -tocopherol may delay progression
-
Vascular dementia: Treat risk factors (e.g., discontinue tobacco use, lower blood pressure and lipids)
–Note that lost cognitive function will not return despite treatment
Source: In a Page: Signs and Symptoms, 2004
Muscle spasticity:
Emergency Actions
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
Keep in mind that generalized spasticity and trismus in a patient with a recent skin puncture or laceration indicates tetanus. If you suspect this rare disorder, look for signs of respiratory distress. Provide ventilatory support, if necessary, and monitor the patient closely.
Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007
Muscle spasticity [Muscle hypertonicity]:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ Prepare the patient for diagnostic tests, which may include electromyography, muscle biopsy, or intracranial or spinal magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography.
▪ Administer pain medication and an antispasmodic, as ordered.
▪ Perform passive range-of-motion exercises, splinting, traction, and application of heat to help relieve spasms and prevent contractures.
▪ Maintain a calm, quiet environment to help relieve muscle spasms and prevent recurrence, and encourage bed rest.
▪ In cases of prolonged, uncontrollable muscle spasticity, as with spastic paralysis, prepare the patient for nerve blocks or surgical transection to provide permanent relief, as indicated.
Patient teaching
▪ Teach the patient to use assistive devices as needed.
▪ Help the patient to identify ways to maintain independence.
Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Gait, spastic [Hemiplegic gait]:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ Provide the patient with daily exercise and active and passive ROM exercises.
▪ Refer the patient to a physical therapist for gait retraining and possible in-shoe splints or leg braces to maintain proper foot alignment for standing and walking.
▪ Assist the patient with ambulation.
Patient teaching
▪ Reinforce the importance of ambulating with assistance.
▪ Teach the patient to use a cane or a walker, as indicated.
Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
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