Treatments for Anorectal disorders
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Anorectal disorders: Research Doctors & Specialists
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Hospital statistics for Anorectal disorders:
These medical statistics relate to hospitals, hospitalization and Anorectal disorders:
- 0.59% (75,252) of hospital consultant episodes were for other diseases of anus and rectum in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 92% of hospital consultant episodes for other diseases of anus and rectum required hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 46% of hospital consultant episodes for other diseases of anus and rectum were for men in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 54% of hospital consultant episodes for other diseases of anus and rectum were for women in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
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Hospitals & Medical Clinics: Anorectal disorders
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Book Excerpts: Treatment of Anorectal disorders
Treatments of Anorectal disorders: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about the treatments of Anorectal disorders.
Hemorrhoids:
Treatment
(In a Page: Signs and Symptoms)
-
Treatment is initially conservative: High-fiber diet, stool softeners, appropriate anal hygiene, sitz baths, and topical steroids
-
Surgical options include rubber band ligation of internal hemorrhoids or surgical resection for large refractory hemorrhoids
-
Acute thrombosis of a hemorrhoid may require incision and drainage
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In a Page: Signs and Symptoms, 2004
Rectal Pain:
Treatment
(In a Page: Signs and Symptoms)
-
Acute anal fissure: 90% heal within 3–4 weeks with conservative management (increased fiber and water intake, stool softeners, Sitz bath, topical corticosteroids)
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Chronic anal fissure: Only 40% heal with conservative treatment; sphincterotomy (<5% risk of significant incontinence) is the treatment of choice
-
Perianal abscess: Requires incision and drainage followed by packing and Sitz baths until healed
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Levator ani syndrome: Decrease anal canal pressure by digital massage (3–4/week), Sitz baths, muscle relaxants
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Proctalgia fugax: Self-limited, infrequent brief attacks; primary treatment is reassurance; treat any underlying psychological disorders
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Coccyodynia: Warm Sitz baths, analgesics, and corticosteroid injections; coccygectomy may be indicated in rare cases
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Thrombosed hemorrhoid: Incision and drainage or surgical excision
>>
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In a Page: Signs and Symptoms, 2004
Hemorrhoids:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Treatment depends on the type and severity of the hemorrhoid and on the patient’s overall condition. Generally, treatment includes measures to ease pain, combat swelling and congestion, and regulate bowel habits. The patient can relieve constipation by increasing the amount of raw vegetables, fruit, and whole grain cereal in the diet or by using stool softeners. Venous congestion can be prevented by avoiding prolonged sitting; local swelling and pain can be decreased with local anesthetic agents (lotions, creams, or suppositories), astringents, or cold compresses, followed by warm sitz baths or thermal packs. Rarely, the patient with chronic, profuse bleeding may require a blood transfusion. Other nonsurgical treatments are injection of a sclerosing solution to produce scar tissue that decreases prolapse, manual reduction, and hemorrhoid ligation or laser ablation.
Hemorrhoidectomy, the most effective treatment, is necessary for patients with severe bleeding, intolerable pain and pruritus, and large prolapse. This procedure is contraindicated in patients with blood dyscrasias (acute leukemia, aplastic anemia, or hemophilia) or GI carcinoma and during the first trimester of pregnancy.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Anorectal abscess and fistula:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Anorectal abscesses require surgical incision under caudal anesthesia to promote drainage. Fistulas require a fistulotomy — removal of the fistula and associated granulation tissue — under caudal anesthesia. If the fistula tract is epithelialized, treatment requires fistulectomy — removal of the fistulous tract — followed by insertion of drains, which remain in place for 48 hours. Warm sitz baths are useful to relieve inflammation; however, pain medication and antibiotics may be needed.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Anorectal stricture:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Surgical removal of scar tissue is the most effective treatment. Digital or instrumental dilatation may be beneficial; however, this procedure may need to be repeated frequently and may cause additional tears and splits. If the cause of stricture is inflammation, correction of the underlying inflammatory process is necessary.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Rectal pain:
Patient counseling
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
Teach the patient how to apply hot, moist compresses. Teach him how to give himself a sitz bath; this will ease his discomfort by helping to relieve the sphincter spasm associated with most anorectal disorders. Stress the importance of following a proper diet and drinking plenty of fluids to maintain soft stools and thus avoid aggravating pain during defecation.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition), 2006
Hemorrhoids:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
Treatment depends on the type and severity of the hemorrhoids.
Nonsurgical treatments
Nonsurgical treatments include measures to control pain, combat swelling and congestion, and regulate bowel habits. Patients can relieve constipation by consuming a high-fiber diet and increasing fluid intake by drinking eight to ten 8-oz glasses of water per day or by using bulking agents such as psyllium.
Venous congestion can be prevented by avoiding prolonged sitting on the toilet; local swelling and pain can be decreased with local anesthetic agents (lotions, creams, or suppositories) or astringents. Hydrocortisone suppositories may be used for edematous, prolapsed hemorrhoids in combination with warm sitz baths.
Hemorrhoids may be treated with injection sclerotherapy and rubber band ligation. Infrared photocoagulation bipolar diathermy may be used to affix the mucosa to the underlying muscle.
Clinical tip There’s no evidence that topical cleaners or lotions (pads, foams, ointments) cause symptomatic hemorrhoids to shrink; they only provide relief by soothing the area.
Hemorrhoidectomy
Hemorrhoidectomy is performed for patients with severe bleeding and those with thrombosed hemorrhoids. This procedure is contraindicated in patients with blood dyscrasias (acute leukemia, aplastic anemia, or hemophilia) or gastric cancer and during the first trimester of pregnancy.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Rectal pain:
Patient counseling
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
Teach the patient how to apply hot, moist compresses. Also teach him how to give himself a sitz bath; this will ease his discomfort by helping to relieve the sphincter spasm associated with most anorectal disorders. Stress the importance of following a proper diet and drinking plenty of fluids to maintain soft stools and thus avoid aggravating pain during defecation.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007
Rectal pain:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ Apply analgesic ointment or suppositories.
▪ Administer a stool softener if needed.
▪ If the rectal pain results from prolapsed hemorrhoids, apply cold compresses to help shrink protruding hemorrhoids, prevent thrombosis, and reduce pain.
▪ If the patient's condition permits, place him in Trendelenburg's position with his buttocks elevated to further relieve pain.
▪ Prepare the patient for an anoscopic examination and proctosigmoidoscopy to determine the cause of the rectal pain, if indicated.
▪ Because the patient may feel embarrassed, provide emotional support and as much privacy as possible.
Patient teaching
▪ Explain the disorder and treatment plan.
▪ Instruct the patient on measures to ease discomfort.
▪ Discuss proper diet and fluid intake.
▪ Explain the use of stool softeners.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
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