The list of signs and symptoms mentioned in various sources for Arteriovenous Malformation includes the 8 symptoms listed below:
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An AVM may be asymptomatic until complications occur; these may include rupture and a resulting sudden bleed in the brain, known as a hemorrhagic stroke. Arteriovenous malformations vary in size and location within the brain. Systolic bruit may be auscultated over the carotid artery, mastoid process, or orbit on examination.
Symptoms that occur prior to an AVM rupture are related to smaller and slower bleeding from the abnormal vessels, which are usually fragile because their structure is abnormal.
In more than half of patients with AVM, hemorrhage from the malformation is the first symptom. Depending on the location and the severity of the bleed, the hemorrhage can be profoundly disabling or fatal. The risk of bleeding from an AVM is approximately 2% to 4% per year.
The first symptoms often include headache, seizure, or other sudden neurological problems, such as vision problems, weakness, inability to move a limb or a side of the body, lack of sensation in part of the body, or abnormal sensations, such as ringing and numbness. Symptoms are the same as for stroke. The individual with an AVM may complain of chronic mild headache, a sudden and severe headache, or a localized or general headache. The headache may resemble migraine and vomiting may occur. Seizures may result from focal neurologic deficits (depending on the location of the AVM) resulting from compression and diminished perfusion. Symptoms of intracranial (intracerebral, subarachnoid, or subdural) hemorrhage result. Muscle weakness and decreased sensation can occur in any part of the body. Mental status change can occur where the individual appears sleepy, stuporous, lethargic, confused, disoriented, or irritable. Additional symptoms may include stiff neck, speech or sense of smell impairment, dysfunctional movement, fainting, facial paralysis, eyelid drooping, tinnitus, dizziness, and decreased level of consciousness (LOC).
If an AVM bleeds once, the risk is greater that it will bleed again in the future. Intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhages are the most common first symptoms of cerebral arteriovenous malformation. In some cases, symptoms may also occur due to lack of blood flow to an area of the brain (ischemia), compression or distortion of brain tissue by large AVMs, or abnormal brain development in the area of the malformation. Progressive loss of nerve cells in the brain may occur, caused by mechanical (pressure) and ischemic (lack of blood supply) factors.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
The most common symptoms of AVM include hemorrhaging (bleeding), seizures, headaches, and neurological problems such as paralysis or loss of speech, memory, or vision. (Source: excerpt from NINDS Arteriovenous Malformation Information Page: NINDS)
When considering symptoms of Arteriovenous Malformation, it is also important to consider Arteriovenous Malformation as a possible cause of other medical conditions. The Disease Database lists the following medical conditions that Arteriovenous Malformation may cause:
- (Source - Diseases Database)
These general reference articles may be of interest in relation to medical signs and symptoms of disease in general:
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The symptom information on this page attempts to provide a list of some possible signs and symptoms of Arteriovenous Malformation. This signs and symptoms information for Arteriovenous Malformation has been gathered from various sources, may not be fully accurate, and may not be the full list of Arteriovenous Malformation signs or Arteriovenous Malformation symptoms. Furthermore, signs and symptoms of Arteriovenous Malformation may vary on an individual basis for each patient. Only your doctor can provide adequate diagnosis of any signs or symptoms and whether they are indeed Arteriovenous Malformation symptoms.
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