Associated Conditions for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Excerpts on associated medical conditions for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): NWHIC (Excerpt)
Most children treated for ADHD have other conditions. ADHD can co-occur
with learning disabilities (15-25%), language disorders (30-35%), conduct
disorder (15-20%), oppositional defiant disorder (up to 40%), mood
disorders (15-20%), and anxiety disorders (20-25%). Up to 60% of children
with tic disorders also have ADHD. Problems with memory, cognitive
processing, sequencing, motor skills, social skills, control of emotional
response, and response to discipline are common. Sleep disorders are also
more common. (Source: excerpt from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): NWHIC)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: NIMH (Excerpt)
One of the difficulties in diagnosing ADHD is that it is often
accompanied by other problems. For example, many children with ADHD also
have a specific learning disability (LD), which means they have trouble
mastering language or certain academic skills, typically reading and math.
ADHD is not in itself a specific learning disability. But because it can
interfere with concentration and attention, ADHD can make it doubly hard
for a child with LD to do well in school.
A very small proportion of people with ADHD have a rare disorder called
Tourette's syndrome. People with Tourette's have tics and other movements
like eye blinks or facial twitches that they cannot control. Others may
grimace, shrug, sniff, or bark out words. Fortunately, these behaviors can
be controlled with medication. Researchers at NIMH and elsewhere are
involved in evaluating the safety and effectiveness of treatment for
people who have both Tourette's syndrome and ADHD.
More serious, nearly half of all children with ADHD--mostly boys--tend
to have another condition, called oppositional defiant disorder. Like
Mark, who punched playmates for jostling him, these children may overreact
or lash out when they feel bad about themselves. They may be stubborn,
have outbursts of temper, or act belligerent or defiant. Sometimes this
progresses to more serious conduct disorders. Children with this
combination of problems are at risk of getting in trouble at school, and
even with the police. They may take unsafe risks and break laws--they may
steal, set fires, destroy property, and drive recklessly. It's important
that children with these conditions receive help before the behaviors lead
to more serious problems.
At some point, many children with ADHD--mostly younger children and
boys--experience other emotional disorders. About one-fourth feel anxious.
They feel tremendous worry, tension, or uneasiness, even when there's
nothing to fear. Because the feelings are scarier, stronger, and more
frequent than normal fears, they can affect the child's thinking and
behavior. Others experience depression. Depression goes beyond ordinary
sadness--people may feel so "down" that they feel hopeless and
unable to deal with everyday tasks. Depression can disrupt sleep,
appetite, and the ability to think.
Because emotional disorders and attention disorders so often go hand in
hand, every child who has ADHD should be checked for accompanying anxiety
and depression. Anxiety and depression can be treated, and helping
children handle such strong, painful feelings will help them cope with and
overcome the effects of ADHD. (Source: excerpt from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: NIMH)
List of associated medical conditions for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:
The list of conditions mentioned by various sources
as associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder includes:
About associated conditions for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:
Associated conditions are those which appear
statistically related, but do not have
a clear cause or effect relationship.
Whereas the complications
are caused by Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,
and underlying causes
may be causes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,
the following list shows associated conditions
that simply appear with higher frequency in people
who have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
In some cases, there may be overlap
between this list and risk factors
for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
People with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder may be more likely to
get a condition on the list of associated conditions,
or the reverse may be true, or both.
Whether they are causes of, caused by, or simply
coincidentally related to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
is not always clear.
For general information,
see Associated Condition Misdiagnosis.
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