Articles » Toxic Shock Syndrome: DBMD

Toxic Shock Syndrome: DBMD

Article title: Toxic Shock Syndrome: DBMD

Conditions: Toxic Shock Syndrome

Source: DBMD

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Toxic Shock Syndrome

   

Clinical Features	Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) manifests by sudden onset of fever, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle pains and rash. Hypotension and mucous membrane, multisystem involvement and later desquamation are features of the disease.
Etiologic Agent	Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium.
Incidence	In the United States, annual incidence is 1-2/100,000 women 15-44 years of age (last active surveillance done in 1987).
Sequelae	5% of all cases are fatal.
Transmission	S. aureus commonly colonizes skin and mucous membranes in humans. TSS has been associated with use of tampons and intravaginal contraceptive devices in women and occurs as a complication of skin abscesses or surgery.
Risk Groups	Menstruating women, women using barrier contraceptive devices, and persons who have undergone nasal surgery.
Surveillance	National surveillance is conducted through the National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance (NETSS). The last active surveillance was in 1987 in four states with a total population of 12 million.
Challenges	To describe the current epidemiology of TSS in the United States by conducting active surveillance. To better define the risk factors of nonmenstrual TSS to design prevention strategies.
	December 2001

 
 
 

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