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Is there a history of drug, caffeine, or alcohol ingestion? The hangover headache is well known and should not present a problem in diagnosis. Caffeine withdrawal headaches are also common because of the large amount of caffeine ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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... This is the emotional tension, insomnia, depression, and irritability associated with the premenstrual week. Somatic sensations associated with this syndrome are bloating, cramping, tenderness of the breasts, swelling of the hands and feet, and temporary weight gain. The regular
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Are there convulsive movements or incontinence? The presence of convulsive movements should suggest convulsions, and the differential diagnosis of this is discussed on
page 88
.
Convulsive ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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A subjective sensory phenomenon that may involve any of the five senses, such as visual auras (often described as flashing lights), sensory auras (paresthesias), or auditory auras. Other auras may be described as dreamlike or déjà vu sensations, or odd odors. The type of symptom may be... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Headache is one of the most common primary care complaints. It may be an isolated or recurrent event; it may be idiopathic or secondary to an underlying structural lesion; or it may simply require an analgesic for pain relief or a complete and detailed workup for its source. One must... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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...
Syncope is often referred to by patients as “fainting” and is defined as a loss of postural tone and consciousness. Syncope usually lasts for brief periods of a few minutes. Longer periods are of more concern, because of the possibility of... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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By age 7, 40% of children will have experienced headaches. By age 15, this figure rises to 75%. Headache can be the presenting symptom of a neurologic emergency such as subarachnoid hemorrhage, or of a chronic and common disease such as migraine. The pattern... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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A normal umbilical cord consists of one umbilical vein, which later becomes the ligamentum teres, and two umbilical arteries, which become the lateral umbilical ligaments. Single umbilical artery (SUA or 2-vessel umbilical cord) has an estimated incidence of... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Syncope is temporary loss of consciousness and muscle tone due to decreased cerebral blood flow. It is otherwise known as fainting or blackout. Syncope is a common pediatric problem that, in contrast to that in adults, usually has a benign etiology. However, it can... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... This symptom is best analyzed by using anatomy, as seen in Tables 32 and 33 , but differentiation by pathophysiology is interesting, particularly in muscle traction headaches and migraines.
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... The differential of syncope or a brief loss of consciousness is best developed with the use of physiology and, to a lesser extent, anatomy. Like convulsions (see page 128), syncope is due to a diminished supply of oxygen and glucose in the brain cell. Anything that produces hypoglycemia
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... An aura is a sensory or motor phenomenon, idea, or emotion that marks the initial stage of a seizure or the approach of a classic migraine headache. Auras may be classified as cognitive, affective, psychosensory, or psychomotor. (See ... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Clinical features... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... A common neurologic sign, syncope (or fainting) refers to a transient loss of consciousness associated with impaired cerebral blood supply or cerebral hypoxia. It usually occurs abruptly and lasts for seconds to minutes. An episode of syncope... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Muscle contraction (tension)
Migraine
Cluster (histamine) headache
Nonmigrainous vascular causes
Effort (physical activity)
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... Neurologic or Mechanical Causes, or Both
Mediated by vagal stimulation or autonomic insufficiency, or both
Vasovagal reaction (often associated with strong emotion or pain)
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... The most common patient complaint, headache usually occurs as a symptom of an underlying disorder. Ninety percent of all headaches are vascular, muscle contraction, or a combination; 10% are due to underlying intracranial, systemic, or psychological disorders.... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Also designated “late luteal phase dysphoric disorder” (LLPD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is characterized by varying symptoms that appear... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... An aura is a sensory or motor phenomenon, idea, or emotion that marks the initial stage of a seizure or the approach of a classic migraine headache. Auras may be classified as cognitive, affective, psychosensory, or psychomotor. (See Recognizing types of auras.) ... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Comparing benign headaches, page 390.)... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... A common neurologic sign, syncope (or fainting) refers to transient loss of consciousness associated with impaired cerebral blood supply or cerebral hypoxia. It usually occurs abruptly and lasts for seconds to minutes. An episode of syncope usually starts as a feeling of light... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling
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... Robert B. Taylor
Headache is one of the 20 most frequent reasons patients visit primary care providers in the United States. Migraine headache, one of the common causes of recurrent headache, occurred one or more times yearly in 17.6% of females and in 5... Approach. ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Pictures
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... James C. Chesnutt
Syncope is a common and concerning medical problem, which accounts for 3% of emergency room visits and up to 6% of hospital admissions. Although the cause of syncope can be life-threatening (e.g., ventricular... Approach. ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing. ... Diagnostic assessment. ... Pictures
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... Differential Overview
❑ Migraine
❑ Tension
❑ Acute sinusitis
❑ Acute glaucoma
❑ Postconcussive ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... Differential Overview
Orthostatic/Autonomic
❑ Neurally mediated hypotension
❑ Volume depletion
❑ Cough syncope
❑... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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... The most common patient complaint, headache usually occurs as a symptom of an underlying disorder. Ninety percent of all headaches are vascular, muscle contraction, or a combination; 10% are due to underlying intracranial, systemic, or psychological disorders.
... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Characterized by varying symptoms, premenstrual syndrome (PMS) appears 7 to 14 days before menses and usually subsides with its onset. The effects of PMS range from minimal discomfort to severe, disruptive symptoms and can include nervousness,... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... A common neurologic sign, syncope (or fainting) refers to transient loss of consciousness associated with impaired cerebral blood supply or cerebral hypoxia. It usually occurs abruptly and lasts for seconds to minutes. An episode of syncope... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... An aura is a sensory or motor phenomenon, idea, or emotion that marks the initial stage of a seizure or the approach of a classic migraine headache. Auras may be classified as cognitive, affective, psychosensory, or psychomotor. (See Recognizing types of... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Comparing benign
... READ EXCERPTS »
... A common neurologic sign, syncope (or fainting) refers to transient loss of consciousness associated with impaired cerebral blood supply or cerebral hypoxia. It usually occurs abruptly and lasts for seconds to minutes. An episode of syncope usually starts as a feeling of... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
...In most children, headache is not due toa serious cause. Diagnostic dilemma is to determine which childrenhave serious underlying pathology. Principal Causes of Headache Tension-typeheadache Vascular headache Migraineheadache ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Table 25.1. Anatomic Location of Common Intracranial Neoplasms ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
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...Syncope is a transient loss of consciousnessand postural tone usually produced by impaired cerebral blood flow.Generally, a syncopal episode in childhood is a benign isolatedevent; however, some causes can be life threatening. Because dizzinessoften precedes syncope... Principal Causes of Syncope and Dizziness ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
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... An aura is a sensory or motor phenomenon, idea, or emotion that marks the initial stage of a seizure or the approach of a classic migraine headache. Auras may be classified as cognitive, affective, psychosensory, or psychomotor. (See Recognizing... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Clinical features of headache, page 298.) Occasionally,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... A common neurologic sign, syncope (or fainting) refers to a transient loss of consciousness associated with impaired cerebral blood supply or cerebral hypoxia. It usually occurs abruptly and lasts for seconds to minutes. An episode of syncope usually starts... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
The differential of syncope or a brief loss of consciousness is best
developed with the use of physiology and, to a lesser extent,
anatomy. Like convulsions , syncope is due to a diminished supply of oxygen and glucose
in the brain cell. Anything... Pictures
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... Phillip Spandorfer
Approach to the Patient with Syncope
I. Definition of the Complaint
Syncope is generally thought of as a temporary, but sudden, ... Pictures
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... Author:
Anjali Subbaswamy, MD
What to Do - Gather Appropriate Data
Syncope/Long QT. Syncope is a loss of consciousness related to decreased
cerebralperfusiontotheareasofthebrainnecessaryforconsciousness,which
include the brainstem, reticular... Suggested Readings
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... Ann B. Bruner, MD Premenstrual Syndrome - BASICS Premenstrual Syndrome - description Premenstrual syndrome (PMS), also called luteal phase disorder, is a disorder characterized by psychologic and physical symptoms that ... Premenstrual Syndrome - DIAGNOSIS ... Premenstrual Syndrome - TREATMENT ... Premenstrual Syndrome - FOLLOW UP ... Premenstrual Syndrome - bibliography ... Premenstrual Syndrome - CODES ... Premenstrual Syndrome - FAQ
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... Nancy Drucker, MD Syncope - BASICS Syncope - description Loss of consciousness, typically lasting no longer than 1–2 minutes, due to a transient drop in cerebral perfusion pressure Syncope - general prevention ... Syncope - DIAGNOSIS ... Syncope - TREATMENT ... Syncope - FOLLOW UP ... Syncope - bibliography ... Syncope - CODES ... Syncope - FAQ
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Migraine headaches can do more than ruin your day - they can interfere with your life. But migraines can be managed. Learn what can be done to...
Anyone who suffers from headaches knows they can put a damper on everyday life. But not all headaches are alike. Learn what type of headache you have.
Tumors in the pituitary can release hormones that wreak havoc throughout the body. Listen to experts explain why shrinking tumors is an important...
Many migraine sufferers are using alternative treatments to prevent and alleviate their migraine attacks.