...
Is it intermittent? Intermittent dysarthria should make one think of myasthenia gravis, epilepsy, and transient ischemic attacks.
Is there associated ataxia or nystagmus? The findings of nystagmus or ataxia should make one ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Is there a history of drug, caffeine, or alcohol ingestion? The hangover headache is well known and should not present a problem in diagnosis. Caffeine withdrawal headaches are also common because of the large amount of caffeine ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Dysarthria implies poor speech articulation, as opposed to aphasia or impoverished intelligence due to mental retardation or dementia. Pain is not a feature of dysarthria, nor is poor education. Speech and reading comprehension are completely unaffected in pure... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Headache is one of the most common primary care complaints. It may be an isolated or recurrent event; it may be idiopathic or secondary to an underlying structural lesion; or it may simply require an analgesic for pain relief or a complete and... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
By age 7, 40% of children will have experienced headaches. By age 15, this figure rises to 75%. Headache can be the presenting symptom of a neurologic emergency such as subarachnoid hemorrhage, or of a chronic and common disease such as migraine. The pattern... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
... This symptom is best analyzed by using anatomy, as seen in Tables 32 and 33 , but differentiation by pathophysiology is interesting, particularly in muscle traction headaches and migraines.
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Besides dysarthria, three other types of speech disorders should be considered here: dysphasia, cerebellar speech, and extrapyramidal speech. In each case, the anatomic location in the nervous system is fairly specific.
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Battle's sign — ecchymosis over the mastoid process of the temporal bone — is commonly the only outward sign of a basilar skull fracture. In fact, this type of fracture may go undetected even by skull X-rays. If left untreated, it can be fatal because... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Dysarthria, poorly articulated speech, is characterized by slurring and labored, irregular rhythm. It may be accompanied by a nasal voice tone caused by palate weakness. Whether it occurs abruptly or gradually, dysarthria is usually evident in ordinary... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Clinical features of headache,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Muscle contraction (tension)
Migraine
Cluster (histamine) headache
Nonmigrainous vascular causes
Effort (physical activity)
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common patient complaint, headache usually occurs as a symptom of an underlying disorder. Ninety percent of all headaches are vascular, muscle contraction, or a combination; 10% are due to underlying intracranial, systemic, or psychological disorders. Migraine... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Battle’s sign—ecchymosis over the mastoid process of the temporal bone—is commonly the only outward sign of a basilar skull fracture. In fact, this type of fracture may go undetected even by X-ray of the skull. If left untreated, a basilar skull fracture... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Dysarthria, poorly articulated speech, is characterized by slurring and a labored, irregular rhythm. It may be accompanied by a nasal voice tone caused by palate weakness. Whether it occurs abruptly or gradually, dysarthria is usually evident in ordinary... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Robert B. Taylor
Headache is one of the 20 most frequent reasons patients visit primary care providers in the United States. Migraine headache, one of the common causes of recurrent headache, occurred one or more times... Approach. ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Differential Overview
❑ Migraine
❑ Tension
❑ Acute sinusitis
❑ Acute glaucoma ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Differential Overview
Aphasia (Central)
❑ Broca
❑ Wernicke
❑ Conduction
❑ Anomic ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common patient complaint, headache usually occurs as a symptom of an underlying disorder. Ninety percent of all headaches are vascular, muscle contraction, or a combination; 10% are due to underlying intracranial, systemic, or psychological disorders.... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Battle’s sign — ecchymosis over the mastoid process of the temporal bone — is typically the only outward sign of a basilar skull fracture. In fact, this type of fracture may go undetected even by skull X-rays. If left untreated, it can cause... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Dysarthria, poorly articulated speech, is characterized by slurring and labored, irregular rhythm. It may be accompanied by nasal voice tone caused by palate weakness. Whether it occurs abruptly or gradually, dysarthria is usually evident in ordinary conversation.... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Battle’s sign — ecchymosis over the mastoid process of the temporal bone — is commonly the only outward sign of a basilar skull fracture. Appearing behind one or both ears, Battle’s sign is easily overlooked or hidden by the patient’s hair. In fact,... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Dysarthria, poorly articulated speech, is characterized by slurring and labored, irregular rhythm. It may be accompanied by nasal voice tone caused by palate weakness. Dysarthria is occasionally confused with aphasia, loss of the ability to produce or... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Comparing benign
... READ EXCERPTS »
...In most children, headache is not due toa serious cause. Diagnostic dilemma is to determine which childrenhave serious underlying pathology. Principal Causes of Headache Tension-typeheadache Vascular headache Migraine ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Table 25.1. Anatomic Location of Common Intracranial Neoplasms ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Battle's sign—ecchymosis over the mastoid process of the temporal bone—is commonly the only outward sign of a basilar skull fracture. In fact, this type of fracture may go undetected even by skull X-rays. If left untreated, it can be fatal because of... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Dysarthria, poorly articulated speech, is characterized by slurring and labored, irregular rhythm. It may be accompanied by a nasal voice tone caused by palate weakness. Whether it occurs abruptly or gradually, dysarthria is usually evident in... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Clinical features of headache,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Besides dysarthria, three other types of speech disorders should be
considered here: dysphasia, cerebellar speech, and extrapyramidal speech. In
each case, the anatomic location in the nervous system is fairly specific.
Dysarthria. This may be due to a... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
If you or someone you know is at risk of stroke, it is crucial to recognize that successful stroke treatment depends on quick action. The sooner you...
Among the many serious consequences of a stroke, one of the most physically debilitating is "spasticity," or uncontrolled muscle tightness. Pain and...
In the aftermath of a stroke, many people experience an uncontrollable tightness in the arms or legs that can cause pain and restrict movement. These...
A stroke can be a life-altering event but its warning signs can sometimes be difficult to identify. Experts discuss the exact steps to take when you...