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Vesicular and bullous rashes must be approached systematically so that serious causes are not missed. Initially, a determination as to whether the lesions are focal or diffuse is made, followed by a history of the lesions, a review of systems, and a focused physical examination. For... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin disorder that’s characterized by superficial skin inflammation and intense itching. Although this disorder may appear at any age, it typically begins during infancy or early childhood. It may then subside spontaneously,... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Inflammation of the skin, dermatitis occurs in several forms: atopic (discussed here), seborrheic, nummular, contact, chronic, localized neurodermatitis, exfoliative, and stasis. (See Types of dermatitis, pages 1258 to 1261.) Atopic dermatitis ... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Marcia J. Chesebro
Approach The initial approach to the patient with fluid-filled lesions involves assessment of the severity of the illness: Does the patient look sick or toxic or does the patient appear generally well?
History ... Physical ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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... Differential Overview
❑Lyme disease
❑Erythema nodosum
❑Rheumatoid arthritis
❑Systemic lupus erythematosus
❑Psoriatic... Clinical Findings
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... An inflammation of the skin, dermatitis occurs in several forms: atopic (discussed here), seborrheic, nummular, contact, chronic, localized neurodermatitis (lichen simplex chronicus), exfoliative, and stasis. (See Types of dermatitis, pages 260 to 263.) ... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 7-week-old boy presented to his pediatrician with a 3-week history of
rhinorrhea, congestion, and cough; previously he was in good health. He had no
history of fever. A ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 7-month-old girl was well until 4 days before presentation, when she developed
a cough with fevers to 40.5
°C. On the day of presentation, she developed wheezing and a rash on her trunk
and face. ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 4-month-old boy, who was born prematurely at 28 weeks' gestation, presented with a 1-week history of a cough. Over the next 4 days,
his mother reported an increasing cough with no ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 2-month-old male child presented with vomiting and diarrhea. He had been
discharged from the hospital 3 days earlier, with a diagnosis of
gastroesophageal reflux based on a pH probe and an ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 15-month-old boy presented with a 3-month history of watery diarrhea
associated with weight loss. At 12 months of age, he developed diarrhea
characterized by six to eight watery brown ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
An 18-month-old girl presented with a 1-day history of fever to 38.0°C and cough. While in the examination room, she had tonic flexion of her upper
extremities and eye ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 7-month-old Japanese girl developed fever to 38.9°C associated with cough, rhinorrhea, and loose stools. Over the next few days,
the respiratory symptoms and diarrhea ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 14-day-old, full-term male infant was transferred from a local community
hospital for further evaluation and management of sepsis and
hyperbilirubinemia. He had been discharged home from the well-baby
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 2-month-old male infant was admitted for further evaluation of his jaundice
and poor growth.
II. Past Medical History
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 6-week-old, full-term female infant was brought to the hospital by her mother
because of persistence of scleral icterus. The infant had been seen during the
first week of life after the mother noted she
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 5-week-old girl was referred to the hospital for evaluation of her jaundice
and poor weight gain. Her father stated that she had been
“yellow her whole life,” starting before she left
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 3-week-old twin B Caucasian male infant presented to an outpatient clinic for
evaluation of anemia. He was noted in the nursery to be pale and had a
hemoglobin of 12.3 g/dL and a mean corpuscular volume
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 12-month-old Caucasian girl presented to the emergency department with pallor.
The grandparents had just arrived from Florida. When they were greeted by the
child at the ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 5-month-old African-American boy presented with pallor, difficulty breathing,
and lethargy. He had been in his usual state of good health until 4 days before
admission, when he ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 7-week-old Caucasian girl had initially presented to a hematologist for
evaluation of bruising. Her mother had noted several small purple bruises on
her right arm and a ... Pictures
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... Author:
Johann Peterson, MD
What to Do - Interpret the Data
Petechiae are nonblanching, usually red, macules <1 mm in diameter. They
are a form of purpura, which as a general term refers to rashes caused by the
extravasation of red blood cells into the skin.>... Suggested Readings
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