The list of medical tests mentioned in various sources as used in the diagnosis of Childhood nephrotic syndrome includes:
To diagnose childhood nephrotic syndrome, the doctor may ask for a urine sample to check for protein. The doctor will dip a strip of chemically treated paper into the urine sample.
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The doctor may take a blood sample to see how well the kidneys are removing wastes. Healthy kidneys remove creatinine and urea nitrogen from the blood. If the blood contains high levels of these waste products, some kidney damage may have already occurred. But most children with the nephrotic syndrome do not have permanent kidney damage.
In some cases, the doctor may want to examine a small piece of the child's kidney under a microscope to see if substances there are causing the syndrome. The procedure of collecting a small tissue sample from the kidney is called a biopsy, and it is usually performed with a long needle passed through the skin. The child will be awake during the procedure and receive calming drugs and a local painkiller at the site of the needle entry. General anesthesia is used in the very rare cases where open surgery is required. The child will stay overnight in the hospital to rest and allow the health care team to ensure that no problems occur. (Source: excerpt from Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome: NIDDK)
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Consistent proteinuria in excess of 3.5 g/24 hours strongly suggests nephrotic syndrome; examination of urine also reveals increased number of hyaline, granular, and waxy, fatty casts, and oval fat bodies. Serum values that support the diagnosis are increased cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides and decreased albumin levels. Histologic identification of the lesion requires kidney biopsy. Other tests may be done to rule out metabolic causes.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Consistent proteinuria in excess of 3.5 g/24 hours strongly suggests nephrotic syndrome; examination of urine also reveals an increased number of hyaline, granular, and waxy, fatty casts, and oval fat bodies. Serum values that support the diagnosis are increased cholesterol, phospholipid, and triglyceride levels and decreased albumin levels. Histologic identification of the lesion requires a kidney biopsy.
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
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