Diagnosis of Human Illness: Cholera can be confirmed only by the isolation of the causative organism from the diarrheic stools of infected individuals. (Source: FDA Bad Bug Book)
Food Analysis: V. cholerae serogroup O1 and O139 may be recovered from foods by methods similar to those used for recovering the organism from the feces of infected individuals. Pathogenic and non-pathogenic forms of the organism exist, so all food isolates must be tested for the production of cholera enterotoxin. (Source: FDA Bad Bug Book)
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In endemic areas or during epidemics, characteristic clinical features strongly suggest cholera.
CONFIRMING DIAGNOSIS A culture of V. cholerae from feces or vomitus indicates cholera; however, definitive diagnosis requires agglutination and other clear reactions to group- and type-specific antisera.
A dark-field microscopic examination of fresh feces showing rapidly moving bacilli (like shooting stars) allows for a quick, tentative diagnosis. Immunofluorescence also allows rapid diagnosis. Diagnosis must rule out Escherichia coli infection, salmonellosis, and shigellosis.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
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