What is Chronic Granulomatous Disease?

What is Chronic Granulomatous Disease?

• Chronic Granulomatous Disease: A very rare inherited blood disorder where certain cells involved with immunity (phagocytes) are unable to destroy bacteria and hence the patient suffers repeated bacterial infections.
• Chronic Granulomatous Disease: A recessive X-linked defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring bacterial infections with granuloma formation.
  Source - Diseases Database

Chronic Granulomatous Disease is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). This means that Chronic Granulomatous Disease, or a subtype of Chronic Granulomatous Disease, affects less than 200,000 people in the US population.
Source - National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Ophanet, a consortium of European partners, currently defines a condition rare when it affects 1 person per 2,000. They list Chronic Granulomatous Disease as a "rare disease".
Source - Orphanet

Name and Aliases of Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Main name of condition: Chronic Granulomatous Disease

CGD, chronic dysphagocytosis, granulomatosis, chronic, familial, granulomatosis, septic, progressive

Granulomatous disease, chronic
Source - Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Types of Chronic Granulomatous Disease:

Subtypes of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Autosomal recessive CGD, X-linked CGD
Parent types of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Primary Immune Deficiency, Immune deficiency conditions, Genetic Disease

How many people get Chronic Granulomatous Disease?

Prevalance of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: 1-in-4 million to 5 million (NIAID)
Prevalance Rate of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: approx 1 in 4,000,000 or 0.00% or 67 people in USA [about data]
Prevalance of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Only four or five of every million people develop CGD. (Source: excerpt from Primary Immune Deficiency, NIAID Fact Sheet: NIAID)

Who gets Chronic Granulomatous Disease?

Patient Profile for Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Infants. Symptoms early or up to 2 years. Late-onset symptoms at adolescence is also possible.
Gender Profile for Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Males 4 times more likely than females.
Gender Profile for Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Males are four times more likely to get this disease than females. (Source: excerpt from Primary Immune Deficiency, NIAID Fact Sheet: NIAID)

How serious is Chronic Granulomatous Disease?

Complications of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: see complications of Chronic Granulomatous Disease

What causes Chronic Granulomatous Disease?

Causes of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Patients with CGD have poorly-functioning phagocytes caused by mutations in one of four different genes. The abnormal genes cannot make proteins required for the production of oxygen byproducts, such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, which kill bacteria and fungi. (Source: excerpt from Primary Immune Deficiency, NIAID Fact Sheet: NIAID)
Class of Condition for Chronic Granulomatous Disease: genetic
Causes of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: see causes of Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Can anyone else get Chronic Granulomatous Disease?

Contagion of genetic conditions: generally not; see details in contagion of genetic diseases.

Inheritance of genetic conditions: see details in inheritance of genetic diseases.

How is it treated?

Treatments for Chronic Granulomatous Disease: see treatments for Chronic Granulomatous Disease
Research for Chronic Granulomatous Disease: see research for Chronic Granulomatous Disease