Glossary for Chronic liver disease

• Alcoholic liver disease: Alcoholic liver disease is the major cause of liver disease in Western countries, (in Asian countries, viral hepatitis is the major cause). It arises from the excessive ingestion of alcohol.
• Ataxia: It is a neurological sign and symptom consisting of gross lack of co-ordination of muscle movements.
• Autoimmune Hepatitis: Liver inflammation caused due to autoimmune processes where the body's immune system attacks the liver.
• Budd-Chiari syndrome: Budd-Chiari syndrome is the clinical picture caused by occlusion of the hepatic veins. It presents with the classical triad of abdominal pain, ascites and hepatomegaly.
• Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Severe chronic fatigue disorder often following infection.
• Chronic Hepatitis B: Chronic form of HepB liver infection.
• Chronic Hepatitis C: Chronic form of Hepatitis C viral liver infection.
• Cirrhosis of the liver: Scarring of the liver from alcohol or other causes.
• Congestive Heart Failure: Inadequate pumping and decline of heart function common in the elderly.
• Cortes-Lacassie syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by nail, hair and teeth abnormalities, malformed hands and feet and seizures. The disorder has only been reported in one cause which resulted in death at 31 months
• Depression: Various syndromes with excessive anxiety, phobias, or fear.
• Drug-induced liver disease: Drug-induced liver diseases are diseases of the liver that are caused by physician-prescribed medications, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, hormones, herbs, illicit ("recreational") drugs, and environmental toxins.
• Essential tremor: It is a progressive neurological disease whose most recognizable feature is a tremor of the arms that is apparent during voluntary movements such as eating and writing.
• Fatty liver disease: Fatty liver disease can range from fatty liver alone (steatosis) to fatty liver associated with inflammation (steatohepatitis). This condition can occur with the use of alcohol (alcohol-related fatty liver) or in the absence of alcohol (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]).
• Gaucher Disease: A rare inherited biochemical disorder characterized by the deficiency of the enzyme called glucocerebrosidase and accumulation of glycosylceramide (glucocerebroside). There are three forms of this disease: type 1, 2 and 3.
• Glycogen storage diseases: A condition which is characterized by a defect in the ability of the body to store glycogen
• Heart failure: Slow failure of the heart (cardiac insufficiency).
• Hemochromatosis: Excess of iron leading to problems with joints, liver, heart and pancreas.
• Hepatic encephalopathy: Caused by marked liver disease that results in disturbances of consciousness
• Hepatoma: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary malignancy of the liver.
• Idiopathic liver cirrhosis: Cirrhosis is defined histologically as a diffuse hepatic process characterized by fibrosis and the conversion of normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules. The progression of liver injury to cirrhosis may occur over weeks to years.
• Kwashiorkor: A malnutrition state that is produced by severe protein deficiency
• Liver cancer: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary malignancy of the liver.
• Liver conditions: Any condition that affects the liver
• Liver failure: Acute liver failure (ALF) is an uncommon condition in which the rapid deterioration of liver function results in coagulopathy and alteration in the mental status of a previously healthy individual.
• Liver vein outflow obstruction: Budd-Chiari syndrome is the clinical picture caused by occlusion of the hepatic veins. It presents with the classical triad of abdominal pain, ascites and hepatomegaly.
• Lupus: Autoimmune disease with numerous effects on various organs and linings.
• Mental illness: Any psychological syndrome
• Metabolic disorders: Disorders that affect the metabolic system in human
• Multiple Sclerosis: Autoimmune attack on spinal nerves causing diverse and varying neural problems.
• Myxedema: Skin and tissue disorder usually due to hypothyroidism
• Nephrotic syndrome: Various kidney glomeruli conditions
• Neurological disorder: diseases affecting the central and peripheral nervous system
• Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is a chronic condition characterised by mechanical disrturbances due to degradation of joints. It is the most common form of arthritis, and the leading cause of chronic disability.
• Ovarian Cancer: Cancer of the ovaries.
• Portal hypertension: Portal hypertension may be defined as a portal pressure gradient of 12 mm Hg or greater and is often associated with varices and ascites.
• Primary biliary cirrhosis: Primary biliary cirrhosis is a chronic and progressive cholestatic disease of the liver.
• Primary sclerosing cholangitis: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease of unknown etiology that is recognized increasingly in children.
• Sarcoidosis: Rare autoimmune disease usually affecting the lungs.
• Viral Hepatitis: hepatitis describes inflammation of the liver. Hepatitis may be caused by alcohol, drugs, autoimmune diseases, metabolic diseases, and viruses. Viral infection accounts for more than half the cases of acute hepatitis.
• Wilson's Disease: Wilson disease, or hepatolenticular degeneration, is a neurodegenerative disease of copper metabolism.
• Zellweger Syndrome: Zellweger spectrum disorders are a group of rare, genetic, multisystem disorders that were once thought to be separate entities. These disorders are now classified as different expressions (variants) of one disease process. Collectively, they form a spectrum or continuum of disease. Zellweger syndrome is the most severe form; neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy is the intermediate form; and infantile Refsum disease is the mildest form.

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