Diagnosis of Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Diagnostic Test list for Common Variable Immunodeficiency:
The list of medical tests
mentioned in various sources as
used in the diagnosis of Common Variable Immunodeficiency
includes:
Common Variable Immunodeficiency Diagnosis: Book Excerpts
Diagnostic Tests for Common Variable Immunodeficiency: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about diagnostis of Common Variable Immunodeficiency.
Hearing Loss – Acquired:
Differential Diagnosis
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
Conductive (CHL)
-
Cerumen impaction
-
External auditory canal foreign body
-
Middle ear effusion (MEE)
–Frequently follows acute otitis media
-
Tympanic membrane (TM) perforation
–Usually due to trauma, chronic otitis media
-
Cholesteatoma
–Acquired cholesteatoma is accompanied by TM retraction or perforation
–Congenital cholesteatoma is usually over an intact TM
-
Ossicular erosion or fixation due to middle ear disease
-
Ossicular chain discontinuity (generally posttraumatic)
-
External auditory canal stenosis from chronic otitis externa
-
Middle ear tumor
–Paraganglioma (glomus tympanicum), facial neuroma, histiocytosis X, etc.
Sensorineural (SNHL)
-
Meningitis, especially bacterial
-
Viral, especially mumps
-
Autoimmune disease
–Vasculitis, scleroderma, Kawasaki disease
–Idiopathic
-
Acoustic trauma (noise-induced)
-
Ototoxic medications
–Aminoglycosides
–Diuretics (especially loop diuretics)
–Salicylates
–Cytotoxic (chemotherapeutic) agents, e.g., cisplatinum
-
Temporal bone fracture
–SNHL more likely with transverse than longitudinal fracture
-
Perilymphatic fistula (PLF)
–Hearing loss may be progressive or
fluctuating
- Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor
–Vestibular schwannoma (a.k.a. acoustic neuroma, associated with type II neurofibromatosis), meningioma, etc.
–SNHL will be unilateral - Ménière disease
–Characterized by hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus, sensation of aural fullness
Workup and Diagnosis
-
History
–Ask about risk factors for SNHL
-
Physical exam
–Check external auditory canal for patency
–Check TM for perforation or cholesteatoma
- Audiometric testing
–Classifies hearing loss as conductive, sensorineural, or mixed
–Quantifies the extent of the hearing loss for the full spectrum of sound frequencies
–If too young for ear-specific behavioral testing, obtain otoacoustic emissions and/or auditory brainstem response testing
–Tympanometry to objectively assess mobility (can help with diagnosis of MEE, ossicular discontinuity, and otosclerosis)
-
CT scan of temporal bones (fine cuts, axial and/or coronal, noncontrast) for CHL if cholesteatoma or trauma suspected
–Determines extent of bony erosion or involvement, and whether mastoid cavity is involved
-
MRI with gadolinium of internal auditory canals for
asymmetric SNHL
–Rule out CPA tumors
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Common variable immunodeficiency:
Diagnosis
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Characteristic diagnostic markers in this disorder are decreased serum IgM, IgA, and IgG levels detected by immunoelectrophoresis, along with a normal circulating B-cell count. Antigenic stimulation confirms an inability to produce specific antibodies; cell-mediated immunity may be intact or delayed. X-rays usually show signs of chronic lung disease or sinusitis.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
X-linked infantile hypogammaglobulinemia:
Diagnosis
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Diagnosis of X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia can be especially difficult because recurrent infections are common even in normal infants (many of whom don’t start producing their own antibodies until age 18 to 20 months). Immunoelectrophoresis and quantitative immunoglobulins (nephelometry) confirm decreased levels, or a total absence, of IgM, IgA, and IgG in the serum. IgG is usually less than 200 mg/dl, and IgA and IgM are almost unmeasurable. However, diagnosis by this method usually isn’t possible until the infant is 9 months old. Antigenic stimulation confirms an inability to produce specific antibodies, although cellular immunity remains intact.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Common variable immunodeficiency:
Diagnosis
(Handbook of Diseases)
Characteristic diagnostic markers in this disorder include decreased serum immunoglobulin (Ig) M, IgA, and IgG detected by immunoelectrophoresis, along with a normal circulating B-cell count. Antigenic stimulation confirms an inability to produce specific antibodies; cell-mediated immunity may be intact or delayed. X-rays usually show signs of chronic lung disease or sinusitis.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Chronic fatigue and immune dysfunction syndrome:
Diagnosis
(Handbook of Diseases)
The cause and nature of CFIDS are still unknown, and no single test unequivocally confirms its presence. Therefore, the diagnosis is based on the patient’s history and the CDC criteria. Because the CDC criteria are admittedly a working concept that may not include all forms of this disease and are based on symptoms that can result from other diseases, diagnosis is difficult and uncertain. Considerable overlap exists between CFIDS and fibromyalgia syndrome, with many patients having features of both.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
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