Treatments for Congenital syphilis
Congenital syphilis: Research Doctors & Specialists
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Hospital statistics for Congenital syphilis:
These medical statistics relate to hospitals, hospitalization and Congenital syphilis:
- 0.0001% (13) of hospital consultant episodes were for congenital syphilis in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 69% of hospital consultant episodes for congenital syphilis required hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 46% of hospital consultant episodes for congenital syphilis were for men in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 54% of hospital consultant episodes for congenital syphilis were for women in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 0% of hospital consultant episodes for congenital syphilis required emergency hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
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Hospitals & Medical Clinics: Congenital syphilis
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Book Excerpts: Treatment of Congenital syphilis
Treatments of Congenital syphilis: Online Medical Books
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Hearing Loss – Congenital:
Treatment
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
-
Identify children with hearing loss early
-
Treat medically treatable cause, if any
–Syphilis (steroids and penicillin), Lyme disease, toxoplasmosis, hypercholesterolemia
-
Intravenous gancyclovir for congenital CMV
-
Habilitate by age 6 months if possible
–Amplification
–Bone-anchored hearing aids
–Tympanostomy tube placement
–Middle ear reconstruction
–Perilymphatic fistula closure
–Cochlear implant (after age 12 months)
-
Periodic follow-up necessary
–Ensure auditory habilitation is working
–Check for hearing loss progression
>
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Syphilis:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Treatment of choice is administration of penicillin I.M. or I.V. depending on the infection’s stage. After therapy, follow-up RPR tests are usually done to check for adequacy of treatment. The nonpregnant patient who is allergic to penicillin may be treated with tetracycline or doxycycline. Nonpenicillin therapy for latent or late syphilis should be used only after neurosyphilis has been excluded. Tetracycline is contraindicated in the pregnant woman because it causes discoloration of the infant’s teeth. If a pregnant woman with syphilis is allergic to penicillin, desensitization is recommended to permit the use of penicillin.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Genital lesions in the male:
Patient counseling
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
Explain to the patient how to use prescribed ointments or creams. Advise him to use a heat lamp to dry moist lesions or to take sitz baths to relieve crusting and itching. Also, instruct him to report any changes in the lesions.
Explain to male patients that condoms effectively prevent many STDs when used correctly. Advise them to use a new condom for each coitus; to avoid damaging the condom with a sharp object, such as fingernails or teeth; to put the condom on the erect penis before any genital contact; to use only water-based lubricants; to hold the condom firmly while withdrawing the penis; to always withdraw the penis while it’s still erect to avoid premature condom loss; and to check the expiration date on the individual condom packet. Teach the patient that hormonal contraceptives, diaphragms, foams, and jellies don’t protect against STDs.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition), 2006
Syphilis:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
Administration of penicillin I.M. is the treatment of choice. For early syphilis, treatment may consist of a single injection of penicillin G benzathine I.M. (2.4 million units). Syphilis of more than 1 year’s duration should be treated with penicillin G benzathine I.M. (2.4 million units/week for 3 weeks).
Nonpregnant patients who are allergic to penicillin may be treated with oral tetracycline or doxycycline for 15 days for early syphilis and for 30 days for late infections. Nonpenicillin therapy for latent or late syphilis should be used only after neurosyphilis has been excluded. Tetracycline is contraindicated in pregnant women. Patients who receive treatment must abstain from sexual contact until the syphilis sores are completely healed.
CLINICAL TIP: Rashes from secondary syphilis will clear up without treatment.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Genital lesions in the male:
Patient counseling
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
Explain to the patient how to use prescribed ointments or creams. Advise him to use a heat lamp to dry moist lesions or to take sitz baths to relieve crusting and itching. Also, instruct him to report any changes in the lesions.
Explain to male patients that condoms effectively prevent many STDs when used correctly. Advise them to use a new condom for each coitus; to avoid damaging the condom with sharp objects, such as fingernails or teeth; to put the condom on the erect penis before any genital contact; to use only water-based lubricants; to hold the condom firmly while withdrawing the penis; to always withdraw the penis while it’s still erect to avoid premature condom loss; and to check the expiration date on the individual condom packet. Instruct the patient that hormonal contraceptives, diaphragms, foams, and jellies don’t protect against STDs.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007
Genital lesions, male:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ Screen every patient with penile lesions for STDs, using the dark-field examination and the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test.
▪ Prepare the patient for a biopsy to confirm or rule out penile cancer if indicated.
▪ Provide emotional support, especially if cancer is suspected.
▪ To prevent cross-contamination, wash your hands before and after every patient contact.
▪ Wear gloves when handling urine or performing catheter care.
▪ Dispose of all needles carefully, and double-bag all material contaminated by secretions.
Patient teaching
▪ Explain to the patient the use of creams and ointments.
▪ Discuss methods to reduce crusting and itching.
▪ Emphasize the lesion changes the patient should report.
▪ Discuss and teach the proper use of condoms and safer sex practices.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Congenital Infections:
Management
(Pediatric Infectious Disease)
Patients with congenital CMV infection are at risk for a variety of
disabilities, including developmental delay and hearing loss. Symptomatic
children are considered to have the highest risk for long-term abnormalities,
although recent longitudinal studies have found predicting disability
difficult. It is known that the major disability in asymptomatic congenital CMV
infection is sensorineural hearing loss. This hearing loss may be progressive
in affected infants. After a diagnosis of congenital CMV is made, routine
assessments should be instituted. It has been recommended that a careful
ophthalmology exam be performed at 12 months, 3 years, and at entrance to
preschool. Audiology examinations should be done every 3 months until 3 years
of age and then annually.
No definitive protocols exist for the treatment of congenital CMV infection.
Clinical trials are in progress; a recent randomized clinical trial comparing
outcomes in symptomatic infants given the antiviral agent ganciclovir with
those in patients receiving no treatment suggested that there may be a benefit
from treatment, the greatest benefit in treated children being a reduction in
hearing loss. In early protocols of treatment of CMV, symptomatic infants were
administered intravenous ganciclovir for 6 weeks; later studies extended
treatment of affected infants with intravenous and then oral ganciclovir for up
to 1 year. Currently, it is not recommended that asymptomatic infants found to
be congenitally infected receive ganciclovir. These children should be followed
carefully for the development of sensorineural hearing loss. Neonates with
life-threatening symptomatic disease, including intractable thrombocytopenia,
pneumonia, or hepatic failure, are candidates for antiviral therapy. It is my
experience and the experience of investigators nationally that therapy can be
very beneficial in these cases.
Complications of ganciclovir include difficulties in maintaining intravenous
access and neutropenia. There will likely be continued efforts to identify
precisely and treat those infants likely to have long-term sequelae from
congenital CMV infection and those most likely to benefit from therapy.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Pediatric Infectious Disease, 2004
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