Causes of Congenital Toxoplasmosis
Causes of Congenital Toxoplasmosis (Diseases Database):
The follow list shows some of the possible medical causes of Congenital Toxoplasmosis
that are listed by the Diseases Database:
Source: Diseases Database
Congenital Toxoplasmosis Causes: Book Excerpts
Congenital Toxoplasmosis as a complication of other conditions:
Other conditions that might have
Congenital Toxoplasmosis as a complication may,
potentially, be an underlying cause of Congenital Toxoplasmosis.
Our database lists the following as having
Congenital Toxoplasmosis as a complication of that condition:
Related information on causes of Congenital Toxoplasmosis:
As with all medical conditions,
there may be many causal factors.
Further relevant information on causes of Congenital Toxoplasmosis may be found in:
Causes of Congenital Toxoplasmosis: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about the causes of Congenital Toxoplasmosis.
Jaundice in Infants – Direct:
Differential Diagnosis
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
- Bile duct obstruction
–Biliary atresia: Represents the most frequent cause for liver transplantation in the pediatric patient; prompt diagnosis is crucial, as patient outcome is better if intervention comes before 60 days of life
–Choledochal cyst
–Common bile duct gallstone
–Choledochocele
–Bile duct stricture
–Alagille syndrome
–Caroli disease
–Congenital hepatic fibrosis
- Neonatal hepatitis
–Idiopathic hepatitis: Diagnosis of exclusion that should be made only when other causes are excluded; accounts for 60% of patients with neonatal cholestasis
–Infections: TORCH, hepatitis B, HIV, E. coli, adenovirus, enterovirus, parvovirus B16, tuberculosis, listeriosis, malaria
-
Metabolic disorders
–α-1 antitrypsin deficiency
–Cystic fibrosis
–Hypothyroidism
–Neonatal iron storage disease
–Amino acids: tyrosinemia
–Carbohydrates: Galactosemia, fructosemia
–Lipids: Niemann-Pick, Gaucher, Wolman,
cholesterol ester storage disease
–Mitochondropathies
–Bile acid synthetic disorders
–Peroxisomal: Zellweger syndrome
–Urea cycle defects
-
Toxins
–Total parenteral nutrition
–Drugs: Trimethaprim-sulfamethoxazole,
anticonvulsants
-
Miscellaneous
–Sepsis/hypoperfusion
–Erythrophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
–Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
–Trisomy 17, 18, 21
–Neonatal lupus erythematosus
–Donohue syndrome
–Rotor syndrome
–Dubin-Johnson syndrome
–Byler disease (PFIC type 1)
–Cholestasis of North-American Indians
–Nielsen syndrome
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Jaundice in Infants – Indirect:
Differential Diagnosis
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
-
Icterus neonatorum (physiologic jaundice)
–The most common form of indirect jaundice in infants under 14 days of age
–Caused by increased bilirubin production with transient limited conjugation abilities
-
Breast-feeding jaundice
–Occurs in first week of life in 13% of breast-fed infants
–Secondary to poor volume intake
-
Breast-milk jaundice
–Occurs in about 2% of breast-fed infants after day 7 of life
–Secondary to glucuronidase in breast milk
-
Hematologic: Hemolysis increases bili load
–Rh incompatability
–ABO incompatability
–Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
deficiency
–Pyruvate kinase deficiency
–Hereditary spherocytosis
–Elliptocytosis
–Thalassemia
–Polycythemia
-
Extravascular blood
–Cephalohematoma
–Trauma
–Swallowed maternal blood
-
Endocrinologic
–Hypothyroidism
–Maternal diabetes
-
Sepsis
-
Metabolic
–Crigler-Najjar I
–Crigler-Najjar II (Arias syndrome)
–Crigler-Najjar III
-
Cardiopulmonary
–Congestive heart failure
–Patent ductus arteriosus
–Portal vein thrombosis
-
Anatomic
–Pyloric stenosis
–Duodenal atresia/stenosis
–Duodenal web
-
Drugs
–Oxytocin
–Sulfonamides
–Ceftriaxone
–Chuen-Lin
-
Lucey-Driscoll syndrome
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Toxoplasmosis:
Causes
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
T. gondii exists in trophozoite forms in the acute stages of infection and in cystic forms (tissue cysts and oocysts) in the latent stages. In addition to possible fecal-oral transmission from infected cats, ingestion of tissue cysts in raw or uncooked meat (heating, drying, or freezing destroys these cysts) can also transmit toxoplasmosis. However, toxoplasmosis also occurs in vegetarians who aren't exposed to cats, so other means of transmission may exist. Congenital toxoplasmosis follows transplacental transmission from a chronically infected mother or one who acquired toxoplasmosis shortly before or during pregnancy.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Toxoplasmosis:
Causes
(Handbook of Diseases)
T. gondii existsin trophozoite forms in the acute stages of infection and in cystic forms (tissue cysts and oocysts) in the latent stages. Ingestion of tissue cysts in raw or undercooked meat (heating, drying, or freezing destroys these cysts) or fecal-oral contamination from infected cats transmits toxoplasmosis. (See Avoidingtoxoplasmosis.)
Congenital toxoplasmosis follows transplacental transmission from a chronically infected mother or one who acquired toxoplasmosis shortly before or during pregnancy.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Toxoplasmosis:
Toxoplasmosis - pathophysiology
(The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult)
- Toxoplasmosis is acquired by the ingestion of oocysts or intact viable tissue cysts in inadequately cooked meat.
- After ingestion, the oocysts and cysts are disrupted by the digestive process, and viable infective organisms cross the GI lining. Hematologic spread leads to infection of multiple organs, most notably the heart, skeletal muscle, and the brain. There, slowly growing or dormant cysts remain for the patient’s lifetime.
- Congenital toxoplasmosis generally occurs during a primary maternal infection. An exception may be when the pregnant woman is severely immunocompromised; congenital infection has occurred in children of HIV-infected women with latent toxoplasmosis infection.
- Primary infection in the 1st trimester is associated with a higher incidence of symptomatic congenital disease, although most congenital infections occur late in pregnancy, and affected neonates have subclinical infection at birth. Overall, 30–40% of infants born to mothers with primary infection during pregnancy will be congenitally infected.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008
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