Treatments for Congenital Toxoplasmosis
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Book Excerpts: Treatment of Congenital Toxoplasmosis
Treatments of Congenital Toxoplasmosis: Online Medical Books
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Jaundice in Infants – Direct:
Treatment
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
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Varies by specific disorder
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General medication principles of cholestasis include
–Promoting bile flow with ursodeoxycholic acid
–Consider phenobarbital (increases bile excretion)
–Fat-soluble vitamins including K, D, E
–Vitamin A is a relative contraindication given hepatotoxicity at high levels
Consider formula with medium chain triglycerides as fat source (does not require bile acids to be absorbed)
Treat underlying disorder
–Kasai portoenterostomy for biliary atresia
–Surgical repair of choledochal cyst
–Special formulas for tyrosinemia
–Lactose free formula for galactosemia (e.g., soy based)
–Remove toxic exposures
–Treat infections
–Treat hypothyroidism
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Jaundice in Infants – Indirect:
Treatment
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
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Treatment options vary based on level of bilirubin, age of presentation, and cause
–Goal is prevent levels high enough to cause kernicterus
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Phototherapy involves the use of photon energy to change the structure of bilirubin and permit excretion without glucuronidation
–Decisions for use are age-based
–Considered when serum level above 14 mg/dL
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Exchange transfusion should be considered with serum levels above 25 mg/dL
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IVF or breast-feed more frequently to increase volume
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-
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Correct endocrine abnormality
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Improve perfusion if cardiac problem
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Correct anatomic abnormality
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Consider enteral binding agents
–Cholestyramine, charcoal, calcium phosphate
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Crigler-Najjar: Phenobarbital, may need liver transplantation
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Toxoplasmosis:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Treatment of acute disease consists of drug therapy with sulfonamides, pyrimethamine, folinic acid, clindamycin, or co-trimoxazole. In patients who also have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, treatment continues indefinitely. No safe, effective treatment exists for chronic toxoplasmosis or toxoplasmosis occurring in the first trimester of pregnancy.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Toxoplasmosis:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
Acute disease is treated with sulfonamides and pyrimethamine for about 4 weeks and, possibly, folinic acid to control adverse effects. Asymptomatic individuals aren’t usually treated; however, children may be treated to prevent retinal inflammation. In patients who also have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, treatment continues indefinitely.
CLINICAL TIP: No safe, effective treatment exists for chronic toxoplasmosis or toxoplasmosis occurring in the first trimester of pregnancy.
gender influence If the patient is pregnant, she should have a friend or a family member change her cat’s litter box daily. If this isn’t possible and she must do it on her own, she should wear gloves and wash her hands immediately afterward. Diligent hand washing is important because the parasite found in cat feces can infect a person a few days after being passed.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
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