Treatments for Conjunctival disorders
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Hospital statistics for Conjunctival disorders:
These medical statistics relate to hospitals, hospitalization and Conjunctival disorders:
- 0.04% (4,587) of hospital episodes were for disorders of conjunctiva in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 99% of hospital consultations for disorders of conjunctiva required hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 51% of hospital episodes for disorders of conjunctiva were for men in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 49% of hospital episodes for disorders of conjunctiva were for women in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 25% of hospital admissions for disorders of conjunctiva required emergency hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- more hospital information...»
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Book Excerpts: Treatment of Conjunctival disorders
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Conjunctivitis:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Treatment for conjunctivitis varies with the cause. Bacterial conjunctivitis requires topical application of the appropriate broad-spectrum antibiotic. Although viral conjunctivitis resists treatment, a sulfonamide or broad-spectrum antibiotic eyedrops may prevent a secondary infection. Patients may be contagious for several weeks after onset. The most important aspect of treatment is preventing transmission. Herpes simplex infection generally responds to treatment with trifluridine drops or vidarabine ointment or oral acyclovir, but the infection may persist for 2 to 3 weeks. Treatment for vernal (allergic) conjunctivitis includes administration of corticosteroid drops followed by cromolyn sodium, cold compresses to relieve itching and, occasionally, oral antihistamines.
Instillation of a one-time dose of erythromycin or 1% silver nitrate solution (Credé’s procedure) into the eyes of neonates prevents gonococcal conjunctivitis.
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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Inclusion conjunctivitis:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Because infection isn’t limited to the eye in neonates, infants, or adults, systemic antimicrobial treatment is necessary. In infants, effective therapy is achieved with erythromycin. Adults may be given tetracycline, doxycycline, or erythromycin.
Prophylactic tetracycline or erythromycin ointment is applied once, 1 hour after delivery. However, this treatment hasn’t been found to be significantly more effective than Credé’s method (1% silver nitrate).
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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Conjunctival injection:
Emergency interventions
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
If the patient with conjunctival injection reports a chemical splash to the eye, quickly irrigate the eye with copious amounts of normal saline solution. (First, remove contact lenses.) Evert the lids and wipe the fornices with a cotton-tipped applicator to remove any foreign body particles and as much of the chemical as possible.
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Source: Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition), 2006
Conjunctivitis:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
The cause of conjunctivitis dictates the treatment. Bacterial conjunctivitis requires topical application of the appropriate antibiotic or sulfonamide. If the causative agent is N. gonorrhoeae, a single I.M. dose of ceftriaxone is usually given. If the cornea is involved, a 5-day I.M. course is required.
Although viral conjunctivitis resists treatment, broad-spectrum antibiotic eyedrops may prevent secondary infection.
Herpes simplex infection generally responds to treatment with trifluridine drops, vidarabine ointment, or oral acyclovir, but the infection may persist for 2 to 3 weeks. Treatment of vernal (allergic) conjunctivitis includes administration of corticosteroid drops followed by lodoxamide tromethamine, a histamine1 antagonist, cold compresses to relieve itching and, occasionally, an oral antihistamine.
Instillation of a one-time dose of erythromycin into the eyes of newborns prevents gonococcal and chlamydial conjunctivitis.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Inclusion conjunctivitis:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
Treatment consists of 1% tetracycline eyedrops, erythromycin ophthalmic ointment, or sulfonamide eyedrops five or six times daily for 2 weeks for infants and oral tetracycline or erythromycin for 3 weeks for adults. Adults with severe disease may also require systemic therapy. Sexual partners should also be examined and treated.
Prophylactic tetracycline or erythromycin ointment is applied once, 1 hour after delivery.
Clinical tip The Credé prophylaxis doesn’t protect against inclusion conjunctivitis.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Conjunctival injection:
Emergency Actions
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
If the patient with conjunctival injection reports a chemical splash to the eye, first remove the contact lenses, and then quickly irrigate the eye with copious amounts of normal saline solution. Evert the lids and wipe the fornices with a cotton-tipped applicator to remove any foreign body particles and as much of the chemical as possible.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007
Conjunctival injection:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ Prepare the patient for such diagnostic tests as orbital X-rays, ocular ultrasonography, and fluorescein staining.
▪ Obtain cultures of any eye discharge, and record its appearance, consistency, and amount.
▪ If the patient complains of photophobia, darken the room or recommend that he wear sunglasses.
Patient teaching
▪ If the patient's visual acuity is markedly decreased, orient him to his environment to ensure his comfort and safety.
▪ Because most forms of conjunctivitis are contagious, stress the importance of frequent hand washing and of not touching the affected eye.
▪ Teach the patient ways to reduce photophobia.
▪ Explain the cause of conjunctival injection and its treatment.
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Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
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