Pulmonary Hypertension
Pulmonary Hypertension: Excerpt from A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (Precapillary)
Alveolar hypoxemia with vasoconstriction
Most causes of respiratory failure
Chronic obstructive lung disease
Chronic bronchitis/bronchiolitis
Emphysema
Asthma
Cystic fibrosis
Bronchiectasis
Alveolar disorders
Pneumonia
Aspiration pneumonitis
Pulmonary edema
Chronic alveolar filling disorders
Upper airway obstruction
Alveolar hypoventilation
Neuromuscular disorders
Central nervous system disorders
Obesity
Primary alveolar hypoventilation
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Chest wall and pleural disorders
Chest deformity
Kyphoscoliosis
Thoracoplasty
Poliomyelitis
Muscular dystrophy
Pleural disease (especially fibrothorax)
High-altitude pulmonary hypertension
Restriction of the vascular bed
Extrinsic
Diffuse interstitial disease
Sarcoidosis
Other granulomatous diseases
Interstitial fibrosis
Neoplasm
Metastatic
Alveolar cell carcinoma
Intrinsic
Pulmonary thromboembolic disease
Thrombotic
Metastatic neoplasm
Septic
Fat
Foreign material (e.g., talc)
Amniotic fluid
Antiphospholipid syndrome
Parasitic
Schistosomiasis
Filariasis
Pulmonary arteritis
Raynaud's syndrome
Scleroderma
Calcinosis cutis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia (CREST) syndrome
Rheumatoid disease
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Polymyositis, dermatomyositis
Takayasu's arteritis
Granulomatous arteritis
Toxin-induced pulmonary vascular
Intravenous drug use
Cocaine use
l-Tryptophan
Anorexic agents
Thrombosis due to sickle cell disease
Human immunodeficiency virus–associated pulmonary hypertension
Increased flow
Patent ductus arteriosus
Atrial septal defect
Eisenmenger's physiology
Ventricular septal defect
Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm
Decreased flow
Tetralogy of Fallot
Destruction of vascular bed (e.g., emphysema)
Primary pulmonary hypertension
Pulmonary Venous Hypertension (Postcapillary)
Cardiac disease
Left ventricular failure
Mitral valve disease
Mitral stenosis
Mitral insufficiency
Left atrial obstruction
Myxoma or other tumor
Supravalvular stenotic ring
Thrombus
Cor triatriatum
Pericardial disease
Pericardial tamponade
Restrictive pericarditis
Pulmonary venous disease
Mediastinal neoplasm or granuloma
Mediastinal fibrosis
Mediastinitis
Anomalous pulmonary venous return
Congenital pulmonary venous stenosis
Idiopathic pulmonary venoocclusive disease
References
1. Fraser, p. 1833. See Bibliography, 2.
2. Greenberg HE, Scharf SM. Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Clinical Disorders, pp. 1285–1304. See Bibliography, 9.
3. Rich S: Primary Pulmonary Hypertension, pp. 1466–1468. See Bibliography, 3.
4. Mitzner WA: Pulmonary Circulation: General Principles and Dx Approach, L-2, p. 2. See Bibliography, 11.
Book Source Details
- Book Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
- Author(s): Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
- Year of Publication: 1999
- Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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