Barrier methods of contraception literally create a barrier that impedes or stops the sperm from reaching and fertilizing a woman.s egg. When used as directed, barrier methods are a reliable means of preventing pregnancy, although they generally are not as effective as hormonal methods. A doctor.s office visit and prescription is not needed to obtain many barrier methods, and they include those that can be used by either the man or the woman or by both in combination.
Barrier methods of contraception include:
The male condom is a thin latex or polyurethane sheath that is placed over the erect penis to trap the flow of sperm. When used properly the male condom also provides both partners with some degree of protection for sexually transmitted diseases.
The female condom lines the vagina and cover the external genitals with a thin polymer, preventing sperm from entering the cervix and uterus. When used properly the female condom also provides both partners with some degree of protection for sexually transmitted diseases.
The contraceptive sponge and the diaphragm are devices that are inserted by a woman into her vagina to cover the cervix and block sperm from entering the uterus.
Spermacides are made from chemicals that create a chemical barrier against sperm when inserted into the vagina. A spermacide can be used alone, or for the best protection from pregnancy, it should be used in conjunction with other barrier methods of contraception.
Side effects of barrier methods can include local reactions, such as rash, swelling, and iching, to latex or other chemicals used in the manufacture of these methods.
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