Treatments for Digestive system cancer
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The following are some of the latest treatments for Digestive system cancer:
Hospital statistics for Digestive system cancer:
These medical statistics relate to hospitals, hospitalization and Digestive system cancer:
- 2.07% (263,703) of hospital episodes were for malignant neoplasm of digestive organs in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 89% of hospital consultations for malignant neoplasm of digestive organs required hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 61% of hospital episodes for malignant neoplasm of digestive organs were for men in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 39% of hospital episodes for malignant neoplasm of digestive organs were for women in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 14% of hospital admissions for malignant neoplasm of digestive organs required emergency hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
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Hospitals & Medical Clinics: Digestive system cancer
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Bowel sounds, hyperactive:
Emergency interventions
(Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition))
After detecting hyperactive bowel sounds, quickly check the patient's vital signs and ask him about associated symptoms, such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. If he reports cramping abdominal pain or vomiting, continue to auscultate for bowel sounds. If bowel sounds stop abruptly, suspect complete bowel obstruction. Prepare to assist with GI suction and decompression, to give I.V. fluids and electrolytes, and prepare the patient for surgery.
If he has diarrhea, record its frequency, amount, color, and consistency. If you detect excessive watery diarrhea or bleeding, prepare to administer an antidiarrheal, I.V. fluids and electrolytes and, possibly, blood transfusions.
GENDER CUE:Homosexual males who report acute diarrhea and who have negative fecal ova and parasite cultures may be infected with chlamydial proctitis not associated with lymphogranuloma venereum. Because rectal cultures will probably be negative, treatment with tetracycline is appropriate.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition), 2006
Malignant spinal neoplasms:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Treatment of spinal cord tumors generally includes decompression or radiation. Laminectomy is indicated for primary tumors that produce spinal cord or cauda equina compression; it isn't usually indicated for metastatic tumors. If the tumor is slowly progressive or if it's treated before the cord degenerates from compression, symptoms are likely to disappear, and complete restoration of function is possible. In a patient with metastatic carcinoma or lymphoma who suddenly experiences complete transverse myelitis with spinal shock, functional improvement is unlikely, even with treatment, and his outlook is ominous. If the patient has incomplete paraplegia of rapid onset, emergency surgical decompression may save cord function. Steroid therapy with dexamethasone minimizes cord edema and temporarily relieves symptoms until surgery can be performed. Partial removal of intramedullary gliomas, followed by radiation, may alleviate symptoms for a short time. Metastatic extradural tumors can be controlled with radiation, analgesics and, in the case of hormone-mediated tumors (breast and prostate), appropriate hormone therapy. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) may control radicular pain from spinal cord tumors and is a useful alternative to opioid analgesics. In TENS, an electrical charge is applied to the skin to stimulate large-diameter nerve fibers and thereby inhibit transmission of pain impulses through small-diameter nerve fibers. Chemotherapy generally hasn't proven effective against most spinal tumors, but may be recommended in some cases.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Bowel sounds, hyperactive:
Emergency interventions
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
After detecting hyperactive bowel sounds, quickly check vital signs and ask the patient about associated symptoms, such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. If he reports cramping abdominal pain or vomiting, continue to auscultate for bowel sounds. If bowel sounds stop abruptly, suspect complete bowel obstruction. Prepare to assist with GI suction and decompression and to give I.V. fluids and electrolytes, and prepare the patient for surgery.
If the patient has diarrhea, record its frequency, amount, color, and consistency. If you detect excessive watery diarrhea or bleeding, prepare to administer an antidiarrheal, I.V. fluids and electrolytes and, possibly, blood transfusions.
Gender Cue: Homosexual males who report acute diarrhea and who have negative fecal ova and parasite cultures may be infected with chlamydial proctitis not associated with lymphogranuloma venereum. Because rectal cultures will probably be negative, treatment with tetracycline is appropriate.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition), 2006
Bowel sounds, hyperactive:
Nursing considerations
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
Obtain the patient’s vital signs. Prepare him for diagnostic tests. These may include endoscopy to view a suspected lesion, barium X-rays, computed tomography scan, or stool analysis.
Monitor intake and output closely. If diarrhea is present, monitor for signs and symptoms of dehydration.
Patient teaching
Explain prescribed dietary changes to the patient. These may range from complete food and fluid restrictions to a liquid or bland diet. Because stress commonly precipitates or aggravates bowel hyperactivity, teach the patient relaxation techniques such as deep breathing. Encourage rest and restrict the patient’s physical activity.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series, 2007
Bowel sounds, hyperactive:
Emergency Actions
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
After detecting hyperactive bowel sounds, quickly check the patient’s vital signs and ask him about associated symptoms, such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. If he reports cramping abdominal pain or vomiting, continue to auscultate for bowel sounds. If bowel sounds stop abruptly, suspect complete bowel obstruction. Prepare to assist with GI suction and decompression, to give I.V. fluids and electrolytes, and prepare the patient for surgery.
If he has diarrhea, record its frequency, amount, color, and consistency. If you detect excessive watery diarrhea or bleeding, prepare to administer an antidiarrheal, I.V. fluids and electrolytes and, possibly, blood transfusions.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007
Bowel sounds, hyperactive:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ Prepare the patient for diagnostic tests, such as laboratory studies, imaging studies, endoscopy, barium X-rays, or stool analysis.
▪ If the patient has diarrhea, administer I.V. fluids and electrolytes to replace losses.
▪ Restrict food and fluids to rest the GI tract, as indicated.
▪ If the patient has GI bleeding, restrict food and fluids and administer I.V. fluids, blood, and vasopressors.
Patient teaching
▪ Explain dietary changes, such as food and fluid restrictions, clear liquid diet, or bland diet.
▪ Teach stress reduction and relaxation techniques.
▪ Discuss any activity restrictions.
▪ Explain diagnostic tests and procedures.
▪ Teach the patient about the cause of hyperactive bowel sounds and the treatment plan after a diagnosis is established.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
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