Prevalence and Incidence of Ear infection

Ear infection Prevalence: Book Excerpts

• Causes and incidence - Hearing loss

Incidence of types of Ear infection:

For details see incidence of types of Ear infection analysis; summary of available incidence by type data:

• Middle ear infection: 7 million annually
• more types of Ear infection...»

Prevalence/Incidence of Ear infection: Online Medical Books

16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE! Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration, for more information about the prevalence and/or incidence of Ear infection.

Hearing loss: Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

Congenital hearing loss may be transmitted as a dominant, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or sex-linked recessive trait. Hearing loss in neonates may also result from trauma, toxicity, or infection during pregnancy or delivery. Predisposing factors include a family history of hearing loss or known hereditary disorders (otosclerosis, for example), maternal exposure to rubella or syphilis during pregnancy, use of ototoxic drugs during pregnancy, prolonged fetal anoxia during delivery, and congenital abnormalities of the ears, nose, or throat. Premature or low-birth-weight neonates are most likely to have structural or functional hearing impairment; those with serum bilirubin levels above 20 mg/dl also risk hearing impairment from the toxic effect of high serum bilirubin levels on the brain. In addition, trauma during delivery may cause intracranial hemorrhage and may damage the cochlea or the acoustic nerve.

Sudden deafness refers to sudden hearing loss in a person with no prior hearing impairment. This condition is considered a medical emergency because prompt treatment may restore full hearing. Its causes and predisposing factors may include:

❑ acute infections, especially mumps (most common cause of unilateral sensorineural hearing loss in children), and other bacterial and viral infections, such as rubella, rubeola, influenza, herpes zoster, and infectious mononucleosis; and mycoplasma infections

❑ blood dyscrasias (leukemia, hypercoagulation)

❑ head trauma or brain tumors

❑ metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, hyperlipoproteinemia)

❑ neurologic disorders (multiple sclerosis, neurosyphilis)

❑ ototoxic drugs (tobramycin, streptomycin, quinine, gentamicin, furosemide, ethacrynic acid)

❑ vascular disorders (hypertension, arteriosclerosis).

Noise-induced hearing loss, which may be transient or permanent, may follow prolonged exposure to loud noise (85 to 90 dB) or brief exposure to extremely loud noise (greater than 90 dB). Such hearing loss is common in workers subjected to constant industrial noise and in military personnel, hunters, and rock musicians.

Presbycusis, an otologic effect of aging, results from a loss of hair cells in the organ of Corti. This disorder causes progressive, symmetrical, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, usually of high-frequency tones.

Minor decreases in hearing are common after age 20. Some deafness due to nerve damage occurs in one of every five people by age 55.

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005

About prevalence and incidence statistics:

The term 'prevalence' of Ear infection usually refers to the estimated population of people who are managing Ear infection at any given time. The term 'incidence' of Ear infection refers to the annual diagnosis rate, or the number of new cases of Ear infection diagnosed each year. Hence, these two statistics types can differ: a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence, but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence. For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.

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