Abdominal Distention
Abdominal Distention: Excerpt from A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
Mechanical Bowel Obstruction
Extraluminal compression
Congenital abnormalities
Annular pancreas
Malrotation
Neoplasms
Carcinomatosis
Sarcoma
Inflammatory disorders
Postsurgical adhesions
Inflammatory adhesions
Intraabdominal abscess
Other extraluminal causes
Hernias
Volvulus
Intussusception
Intraabdominal hematoma
Pregnancy
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome
Intrinsic lesions
Congenital abnormalities
Congenital adhesive bands
Meckel's diverticulum
Congenital atresia/stenosis
Duplication/cysts
Imperforate anus
Hirschsprung's disease
Neoplasms
Adenomatous polyps
Polyposis syndromes (e.g., Peutz-Jeghers syndrome)
Malignant tumors
Inflammatory disorders
Crohn's disease
Ulcerative colitis
Diverticulitis
Diverticular stricture
Tuberculosis
Endometriosis
Actinomycosis
Ischemic injury
Other intrinsic causes
Radiation stenosis
Chemical injury (potassium chloride, NSAIDs)
Bowel wall hematoma
Surgical anastomosis
Pneumatosis intestinalis
Trauma
Intraluminal contents
Foreign body
Gallstone (gallstone ileus)
Parasites (
Ascaris)
Fecaliths
Enteroliths
Feces
Bezoar
Food impaction
Meconium
Adynamic Ileus, Nonmechanical Obstruction
Intraabdominal causes
Peritoneal inflammation
Traumatic
Postoperative
Penetrating wounds
Bacterial infections
Pneumonia
Empyema
Urosepsis
Systemic infections
Chemical irritants
Blood
Gastric contents (perforated ulcer)
Bile
Pancreatic enzymes (acute pancreatitis)
Vascular insufficiency
Intramural strangulation (distention from mechanical ileus)
Extramural strangulation (compression of mesenteric vessels)
Mesenteric artery thrombosis or embolus
Retroperitoneal irritation
Retroperitoneal hemorrhage
Psoas abscess
Pyelonephritis
Renal colic
Perinephric abscess
Pancreatitis
Pancreatic abscess
Cancer
Lymphoma
Extraabdominal causes
Toxic, metabolic
Pneumonia
Empyema
Uremia
Diabetic complications
Porphyria
Severe systemic infection
Heavy metal poisoning (e.g., lead)
Severe electrolyte imbalance (e.g., hypokalemia)
Traumatic
Thoracic trauma
Retroperitoneal trauma
Intracranial trauma
Spinal trauma
Drugs
Narcotics
Anticholinergics
Phenothiazines
Antihistamines
Catecholamines
Other
Connective tissue diseases
Osteomyelitis of spine
Mechanical ventilation
Vascular Obstruction
Mesenteric artery thrombosis or embolus
Mesenteric venous thrombosis
Pseudo-Obstruction Syndromes
Excessive Intraluminal Gas
Functional bowel diseases (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome)
Aerophagia
Increased intestinal gas production
Ascites
References
1. Turnage RH, Bergen PC: Intestinal Obstruction and Ileus, pp. 1799–1807. See Bibliography, 1.
2. Livingstone AS, Sosa JL: Ileus and Obstruction, pp. 1235–1248. See Bibliography, 2.
Book Source Details
- Book Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
- Author(s): Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
- Year of Publication: 1999
- Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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