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Is the anxiety intermittent or constant? Intermittent anxiety suggests the possibility of psychomotor epilepsy, a pheochromocytoma, or insulinoma. It is also possible that the patient is suffering from an intermittent cardiac arrhythmia such as ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Is there associated headache, papilledema, dementia, or focal neurologic signs? These findings would suggest a space-occupying lesion. This is something the clinician does not want to miss.
Are there endocrine ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Anxiety includes symptoms of physiologic arousal (e.g., autonomic hyperactivity, increased motor tension) and psychological arousal (e.g., excessive worry, increased vigilance). It may present as a primary psychiatric condition or secondary to a broad variety of... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... It is simple enough to administer a sedative and refer the emotionally distressed patient to a psychiatrist, but the astute diagnostician will want to rule out an organic disease first. Almost every endocrine disease is associated with emotional disturbances, all of
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... Agitation refers to a state of hyperarousal, increased tension, and irritability that can lead to confusion, hyperactivity, and overt hostility. Agitation can result from a toxic (poisons), metabolic, or infectious cause; brain injury; or a psychiatric... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations
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... Anxiety is the most common psychiatric symptom and can result in significant impairment. A subjective reaction to a real or imagined threat, anxiety is a nonspecific feeling of uneasiness or dread. It may be mild, moderate, or severe. Mild anxiety may... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations
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... An umbrella term for puzzling or inappropriate behavior or responses, confusion is the inability to think quickly and coherently. Depending on the cause, it may arise suddenly or gradually and may be temporary or irreversible. Aggravated by stress and sensory deprivation, confusion commonly... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations
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... Depression is a mood disturbance characterized by feelings of sadness, despair, and loss of interest or pleasure in activities. These feelings may be accompanied by somatic complaints, such as changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, restlessness or lethargy, and decreased... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Depression of the anterior fontanel below the surrounding bony ridges of the skull is a sign of dehydration. A common disorder of infancy and early childhood, dehydration can result from insufficient fluid intake, but typically reflects excessive fluid loss from severe vomiting or diarrhea.... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations
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... Anxiety is a feeling of apprehension that some describe as an exaggerated feeling of impending doom, dread, or uneasiness. Unlike fear — a reaction to danger from a specific external source — anxiety is a reaction to an internal threat, such as an... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Also known as unipolar disorder, major depression is a syndrome of persistently sad, dysphoric mood, accompanied by disturbances in sleep and appetite, lethargy, and an inability to experience pleasure (anhedonia).
About half of all... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Agitation refers to a state of hyperarousal, increased tension, and irritability that can lead to confusion, hyperactivity, and overt hostility. Agitation can result from a toxic (poisons), metabolic, or infectious cause; brain injury; and psychiatric and various other disorders. It can... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers
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... Anxiety is the most common psychiatric symptom and can result in significant impairment. A subjective reaction to a real or imagined threat, anxiety is a nonspecific feeling of uneasiness or dread. It may be mild, moderate, or severe. Mild anxiety may cause slight... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers
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... An umbrella term for puzzling or inappropriate behavior or responses, confusion is the inability to think quickly and coherently. Depending on its cause, confusion may arise suddenly or gradually and may be temporary or irreversible. Aggravated by stress and sensory deprivation,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Depression is a mood disturbance characterized by feelings of sadness, despair, and loss of interest or pleasure in activities. These feelings may be accompanied by somatic complaints, such as changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, restlessness or lethargy,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Depression of the anterior fontanel below the surrounding bony ridges of the skull is a sign of dehydration. A common disorder of infancy and early childhood, dehydration can result from insufficient fluid intake, but it typically reflects excessive... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations
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... Thomas L. Campbell
Anxiety disorders, which are among the most common problems seen in primary care, occur in approximately 10% of patients. Anxiety disorders are associated with significant impairments in physical and emotional health, comparable to the impact... Approach. ... History. ... Physical examination. ... Testing. ... Diagnostic assessment. ... Pictures
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... Mark W. Nickels
Acute confusional states represent an etiologically diverse spectrum of disorders that may involve alterations in thinking, perception, memory, orientation, or attention. In addition, present may be physiologic changes, alterations in... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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... Jeffrey M. Lyness
Depression is a major public health problem because of its high prevalence and attendant morbidity and mortality. Although commonly seen in primary care settings, too often it goes unrecognized or... Approach. ... History and mental status examination (MSE) ... Physical examination. ... Testing. ... Diagnostic assessment
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... Differential Overview
❑ Situational/characterologic
❑ Post-traumatic stress disorder
❑ Drugs/withdrawal
❑... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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... Differential Overview
❑ Dysthymia
❑ Major depression
❑ Adjustment disorder with depressed mood
❑ Seasonal affective disorder ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... Anxiety is a feeling of apprehension that some describe as an exaggerated sensation of impending doom, dread, or uneasiness. Unlike fear — a reaction to danger from a specific external source — anxiety is a reaction to an internal threat, such as an unacceptable impulse... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Also known as unipolar disorder, major depression is a syndrome of persistently sad, dysphoric mood accompanied by disturbances in sleep and appetite, lethargy, and an inability to experience pleasure (anhedonia). Major depression occurs in 3% to 5%... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Agitation refers to a state of hyperarousal, increased tension, and irritability that can lead to confusion, hyperactivity, and overt hostility. Agitation can result from a toxic (poisons), metabolic, or infectious cause; brain injury; or a... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... A subjective reaction to a real or imagined threat, anxiety is a nonspecific feeling of uneasiness or dread. It may be mild, moderate, or severe. Mild anxiety may cause slight physical or psychological discomfort. Severe anxiety may be... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... An umbrella term for puzzling or inappropriate behavior or responses, confusion is the inability to think quickly and coherently. Depending on its cause, confusion may arise suddenly or gradually and may be temporary or irreversible. Aggravated by stress and sensory deprivation,... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Agitation refers to a state of hyperarousal, increased tension, and irritability that can lead to confusion, hyperactivity, and overt hostility. It can result from a toxic (poisons), metabolic, or infectious cause; brain injury; or a... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Anxiety is the most common psychiatric symptom and can result in significant lifestyle impairment. A subjective reaction to a real or imagined threat, anxiety is a nonspecific feeling of uneasiness or dread. It may be mild, moderate, or severe. Mild anxiety may cause slight physical or... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ EXCERPTS »
... An umbrella term for puzzling or inappropriate behavior or responses, confusion is the inability to think quickly and coherently. Depending on the cause, it may arise suddenly or gradually and may be temporary or irreversible. Aggravated by stress and... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Depression of the anterior fontanel below the surrounding bony ridges of the skull is a sign of dehydration. A common disorder of infancy and early childhood, dehydration can result from insufficient fluid intake, but typically reflects... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ EXCERPTS »
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It is simple enough to administer a sedative and refer the emotionally
distressed patient to a psychiatrist, but the astute diagnostician will want
to rule out an organic disease first. Almost every endocrine disease is
... READ EXCERPTS »
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For many heart transplant recipients, the toughest part of the experience is the stressful waiting period. Join heart surgeon Mehmet Oz and Frank...
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