Causes of Empty Sella Syndrome

List of causes of Empty Sella Syndrome

Following is a list of causes or underlying conditions (see also Misdiagnosis of underlying causes of Empty Sella Syndrome) that could possibly cause Empty Sella Syndrome includes:

• Certain diseases
• Certain surgeries

Causes of Empty Sella Syndrome: Online Medical Books

16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE! Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration, for more information about the causes of Empty Sella Syndrome.

Amenorrhea – Secondary: Differential Diagnosis
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)

• Pregnancy
  –Most common cause
• Anovulatory cycles
  –Common during first few years after menarche
  • Hyperandrogenism
    –Polycystic ovary syndrome: Problems with fertility are common, LH/FSH ratio is greater than 2.5/1
    –Some adrenal tumors
    –Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
    –Exposure to anabolic steroids
  • Major illness or stress
  • Large changes in weight
    –Anorexia nervosa
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Prolactinoma
  • Other causes of hyperprolactinemia
    –Marijuana
    –Opioids
    –Antidepressants
    –Phenothiazines
  • Hypothalamic-pituitary failure
    –Pituitary tumor
    –Sheehan syndrome
    –Cranial irradiation
  • Ovarian failure
    –Autoimmune destruction
    –Infarction due to gonadal torsion
    –Chemotherapy or radiation
    –Idiopathic
  • Oral contraceptives
    –May delay return to regular menses
  • Cushing syndrome
  • Uterine synechiae (Asherman syndrome)
  • Chiari-Frommel syndrome

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Secondary polycythemia: Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

Secondary polycythemia may result from increased production of erythropoietin. This hormone, which is possibly produced and secreted in the kidneys, stimulates bone marrow production of RBCs. Increased production may be a compensatory physiologic response to hypoxemia, which may result from:

❑ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

❑ hemoglobin (Hb) abnormalities (such as carboxyhemoglobinemia, which is seen in heavy smokers)

❑ heart failure (causing a decreased ventilation-perfusion ratio)

❑ right-to-left shunting of blood in the heart (as in transposition of the great vessels)

❑ central or peripheral alveolar hypoventilation (as in barbiturate intoxication or pickwickian syndrome)

❑ low oxygen content at high altitudes.

Increased production of erythropoietin may also be an inappropriate (pathologic) response to renal disease (such as renal vascular impairment, renal cysts, or hydronephrosis), to central nervous system disease (such as encephalitis and parkinsonism), to neoplasms (such as renal tumors, uterine myomas, or cerebellar hemangiomas), or to endocrine disorders (such as Cushing’s syndrome, Bartter’s syndrome, or pheochromocytomas). Rarely, secondary polycythemia results from a recessive genetic trait.

Secondary polycythemia occurs in approximately 2 out of every 100,000 people living at or near sea level; incidence rises among those living at high altitudes.

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Secondary Amenorrhea: Differential Overview
(Field Guide to Bedside Diagnosis)

❑ Pregnancy

❑ Menopause

❑ Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea

❑ Drugs

❑ Anorexia nervosa

❑ Post-contraceptive

❑ Endometrial scarring

❑ Endocrinopathy

❑ Hyperprolactinemia

❑ Premature ovarian failure

❑ Polycystic ovary syndrome

❑ Chromophobe adenoma

❑ Ovarian tumors

❑ Panhypopituitarism

❑ Müllerian dysgenesis

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Polycythemia, secondary: Causes
(Handbook of Diseases)

Secondary polycythemia may result from increased production of erythropoietin. This hormone, which may be produced and secreted in the kidneys, stimulates bone marrow production of RBCs. Increased production may be a compensatory physiologic response to hypoxemia, which may result from:

❑ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

❑ hemoglobin (Hb) abnormalities (such as carboxyhemoglobinemia, which is seen in heavy smokers)

❑ heart failure (causing a decreased ventilation-perfusion ratio)

❑ right-to-left shunting of blood in the heart (as in transposition of the great vessels)

❑ central or peripheral alveolar hypo-ventilation (as in barbiturate intoxication or pickwickian syndrome)

❑ low oxygen content at high altitudes.

Increased production of erythro-poietin may also be an inappropriate (pathologic) response to renal disease (such as renal vascular impairment, renal cysts, or hydronephrosis), to central nervous system disease (such as encephalitis and parkinsonism), to neoplasms (such as renal tumors, uterine myomas, or cerebellar hemangiomas), or to endocrine disorders (such as Cushing’s syndrome, Bartter’s syndrome, or pheochromocytomas).

Rarely, secondary polycythemia results from a recessive genetic trait.

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Empty Sella Syndrome as a symptom:

Conditions listing Empty Sella Syndrome as a symptom may also be potential underlying causes of Empty Sella Syndrome. Our database lists the following as having Empty Sella Syndrome as a symptom of that condition:

• Empty sella syndrome - primary

Related information on causes of Empty Sella Syndrome:

As with all medical conditions, there may be many causal factors. Further relevant information on causes of Empty Sella Syndrome may be found in:

• Hidden causes of Empty Sella Syndrome