Prevalence and Incidence of Epstein-Barr virus

Prevalance of Epstein-Barr virus:

as many as 20% of people carry the virus in their throats ... see also overview of Epstein-Barr virus.

Prevalance Rate:

approx 1 in 5 or 20.00% or 54.4 million people in USA [Source statistic for calcuation: "as many as 20% of people carry the virus in their throats" -- see also general information about data sources]

Prevalence/Incidence of Epstein-Barr virus: Online Medical Books

16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE! Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration, for more information about the prevalence and/or incidence of Epstein-Barr virus.

Genital herpes: Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

Genital herpes is usually caused by infection with herpes simplex virus Type 2, but some studies report increasing incidence of infection with herpes simplex virus Type 1. This disease is typically transmitted through sexual intercourse, orogenital sexual activity, kissing, and hand-to-body contact. Pregnant women may transmit the infection to neonates during vaginal delivery if an active infection is present. Such transmitted infection may be localized (for instance, in the eyes) or disseminated and may be associated with central nervous system involvement.

An estimated 86 million people worldwide are thought to have genital herpes.

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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005

Herpes simplex: Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

About 85% of all HVH infections are subclinical; the others produce localized lesions and systemic reactions. After the first infection, a patient is a carrier susceptible to recurrent infections, which may be provoked by fever, menses, stress, heat, and cold. However, the patient usually has no constitutional signs and symptoms in recurrent infections.

Primary HVH is the leading cause of childhood gingivostomatitis in children ages 1 to 3. It causes the most common form of nonepidemic encephalitis and is the second most common viral infection in pregnant women. It can pass to the fetus transplacentally and, in early pregnancy, may cause spontaneous abortion or premature birth.

Herpes infection is equally common in males and females. Worldwide in distribution, it's most prevalent among children in lower socioeconomic groups who live in crowded environments. Saliva, stool, skin lesions, purulent eye exudate, and urine are potential sources of infection.

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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005

Epstein Barr Virus (Infectious Mononucleosis): Epstein Barr Virus - epidemiology
(The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult)

• Worldwide distribution
• Humans are the only known reservoir.
• Transmission occurs through saliva and occasionally via blood transfusions
• Incubation period is 30–50 days.
• Antibodies to EBV are almost universally present in adult populations.
• Areas with a high population density or low socioeconomic status usually become primarily infected within the 1st 3 years of life.

Epstein Barr Virus - incidence

In developed countries, acquisition of EBV is biphasic:

• Initial peak in incidence occurs before the age of 5 years.
• 2nd peak occurs during adolescence, coinciding with an increased frequency of intimate oral contacts.

Epstein Barr Virus - prevalence

90–95% of adults have demonstrable EBV titers

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Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008

About prevalence and incidence statistics:

The term 'prevalence' of Epstein-Barr virus usually refers to the estimated population of people who are managing Epstein-Barr virus at any given time. The term 'incidence' of Epstein-Barr virus refers to the annual diagnosis rate, or the number of new cases of Epstein-Barr virus diagnosed each year. Hence, these two statistics types can differ: a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence, but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence. For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.