Causes of Gastrointestinal Anthrax
Gastrointestinal Anthrax Causes: Book Excerpts
Related information on causes of Gastrointestinal Anthrax:
As with all medical conditions,
there may be many causal factors.
Further relevant information on causes of Gastrointestinal Anthrax may be found in:
Causes of Gastrointestinal Anthrax: Online Medical Books
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for more information about the causes of Gastrointestinal Anthrax.
Anthrax:
Causes
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Anthrax is caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis, which exists in the soil as spores that can live for years. Transmission to humans usually occurs through exposure to, or handling of, infected animals or animal products. Anthrax spores can enter the body through abraded or broken skin (cutaneous anthrax), by inhalation (inhalational anthrax), or through ingestion of undercooked meat from an infected animal (GI anthrax). Anthrax isn’t known to spread from person to person.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Gastrointestinal Bleeding:
Differential Overview
(Field Guide to Bedside Diagnosis)
Upper GI
❑ Peptic ulcer disease
❑ Gastritis
❑ Mallory-Weiss tear
❑ Esophageal varices
❑ Esophagitis
❑ Epistaxis
❑ Esophageal cancer
❑ Gastric cancer
Lower GI
❑ Infectious diarrhea
❑ Diverticular bleeding
❑ Hemorrhoids
❑ Anal fissure
❑ Inflammatory bowel disease
❑ Angiodysplasia
❑ Colon cancer
❑ Mesenteric ischemia
❑ Aortoenteric fistula
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Field Guide to Bedside Diagnosis, 2007
Anthrax:
Causes
(Handbook of Diseases)
Anthrax is caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis, which exists in the soil as spores that can live for years. Transmission to humans usually occurs through exposure to or handling of infected animals or animal products. Anthrax spores can enter the body through abraded or broken skin (cutaneous anthrax), by inhalation (inhalational anthrax), or through ingestion of undercooked meat from an infected animal (GI anthrax). Anthrax isn’t known to spread from person-to-person.
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Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Gastrointestinal Bleeding:
Principal Causes of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
(The Diagnostic Approach to Symptoms and Signs in Pediatrics)
- Uppergastrointestinal bleeding
- Nose
- Mouth and pharynx
- Esophagus
- Esophagitis
- Gastroesophageal reflux
- Caustic ingestion
- Infection
- Foreign body
- Varices
- Duplication
- Gastroesophageal junction
- Mallory-Weisstear
- Stomach
- Gastritis
- Ulcer
- Duplication
- Vascular malformation
- Neoplasm
- Duodenum
- Ulcer
- Foreign body
- Varices
- Duplication
- Vascular malformation
- Hemobilia
- Other
- Swallowed blood
- Coagulopathy
- Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn(vitamin K deficiency)
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- Drugs
- Lower gastrointestinal bleeding
- Intestine
- Cow milk/soyprotein sensitivity
- Necrotizing enterocolitis
- Infectious colitis
- Henoch-Schönlein purpura
- Intussusception
- Congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprungdisease)
- Meckel diverticulum
- Volvulus with malrotation
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Intestinal polyps
- Solitaryjuvenile polyps/juvenile intestinal polyposis
- Adenomatous polyposis of the colon
- Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
- Benign lymphoid hyperplasia
- Duplication
- Vascular malformation
- Neoplasm
- Rectum and anus
- Anal fissure
- Trauma
- Sexual abuse
- Hemorrhoids
- Other
- Swallowed blood
- Coagulopathy
- Drugs
- Factitious bleeding
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: The Diagnostic Approach to Symptoms and Signs in Pediatrics, 2006
Anthrax:
Anthrax - pathophysiology
(The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult)
- After inhalation, wound inoculation, or ingestion, Bacillus anthracis spores infect macrophages, germinate, and proliferate.
- Proliferation occurs at the site of infection and in regional lymph nodes.
- Replicating bacteria release toxins, leading to edema, hemorrhage, and necrosis.
- Incubation period depends on the route of transmission.
- Inhalational anthrax: Infection requires inhalation of >8,000 spores; incubation period is 2–60 days.
- Cutaneous anthrax: Spores enter a cut or abrasion in the skin; incubation period is 1–12 days.
- Gastrointestinal anthrax: Spores are ingested in undercooked, infected meat; incubation period is 1–7 days; infection occurs in the upper (oropharyngeal lesions) or lower (intestinal lesions) GI tract.
- Hematogenous spread of the bacteria causes infection at other sites, including the CNS, liver, spleen, and kidney.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008
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