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Gynecomastia

Contents
  1. Read book excerpt
  2. Gynecomastia: Introduction
  3. Gynecomastia Misdiagnosis
  4. Gynecomastia Causes
  5. Gynecomastia Treatments
  6. Latest treatments
  7. Clinical trials
  8. Gynecomastia Overview
  9. More book excerpts for Gynecomastia

Gynecomastia: Excerpt from A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis


Acromegaly
Chest wall trauma (including hip spica cast)
Drugs
   Amiodarone
   Amphetamines
   Androgens (aromatizable)
       Testosterone enanthate
       Testosterone propionate
   Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
   Antineoplastics (especially alkylating agents and cisplatin)
   Auranofin
   Busulfan
   Calcium channel blockers
   Cimetidine
   Clomiphene
   Cyproterone
d-penicillamine
   Diazepam
   Diethylpropion
   Digitalis preparations
   Estrogens, phytoestrogens
   Ethionamide
   Etomidate
   Etretinate
   Finasteride
   Flutamide
   Gonadotropins
   Haloperidol
   Heroin
   Isoniazid
   Ketoconazole
   Marijuana
   Methyldopa
   Metronidazole
   Omeprazole
   Phenothiazines
   Phenytoin
   Progestogens
   Ranitidine
   Reserpine
   Spironolactone
   Sulindac
   Theophylline
   Tricyclic antidepressants
Hyperprolactinemia
Idiopathic gynecomastia
   Increased estrogen production
   Increased availability of estrogen precursors
       Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
          21-Hydroxylase deficiency
          11-Hydroxylase deficiency
       Liver disease (especially cirrhosis)
       Thyrotoxicosis
   Increased peripheral aromatase activity
       Hereditary
       Neoplasia
          Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma
          Testicular carcinomas
       Obesity
   True hermaphroditism
Male hypogonadism
Neoplasms
   Secreting estrogens or estrogenic precursors
       Feminizing adrenal tumors
       Testicular tumors (especially Leydig cell tumors, Sertoli cell tumors, choriocarcinomas, and germinal epithelial tumors)
   Secreting gonadotropins
       Gonadotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas
   Secreting HCG
       Nontesticular tumors
          Gynecomastia reported with elevated HCG
              Adenocarcinoma of the stomach
              Carcinoma of the lung (especially bronchogenic
  carcinoma)
              Carcinoma of the pancreas
              Hepatoma, hepatoblastoma
              Renal cell carcinoma
              Undifferentiated mediastinal carcinoma
          Detectable HCG reported without gynecomastia (yet)
              Biliary tract
              Breast
              Colon/rectal
              Esophagus
              Insulinoma
              Leukemia
              Liver sarcoma
              Lymphoma
              Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
              Melanoma
              Multiple myeloma
              Ovarian
              Pheochromocytoma
              Sarcomas
              Small intestine
          Testicular tumors
              Germ cell tumors of the testis (embryonal carci-
  nomas, choriocarcinomas, teratomas, rarely
  seminomas)
       Secreting prolactin
          Pituitary prolactinomas
Persistent pubertal macromastia
   Physiologic
       Normal physical finding
       Neonatal
       Pubertal
       Senescent
Pseudogynecomastia
   Obesity
   Benign or malignant breast tumor
Psychological stress
Spinal cord injury
Systemic diseases (especially recovery from chronic disease)
   HIV infection
   Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus
   Pulmonary tuberculosis
   Refeeding gynecomastia (after starvation)
   Uremia and dialysis

References


1. Glass AR: Gynecomastia, p. 1123. See Bibliography, 2.
2. Braunstein GD: Gynecomastia. N Engl J Med   328:490–495, 1993.

Book Source Details

  • Book Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
  • Author(s): Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
  • Year of Publication: 1999
  • Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

More About Gynecomastia

More Medical Textbooks Online about Gynecomastia

Review other book chapters online related to Gynecomastia:

Medical Books Excerpts
  • Gynecomastia
  • "Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition)" (2006)
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  • Gynecomastia
  • "The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter" (2000)
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  • Gynecomastia
  • "Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses" (2007)
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Copyright notice for book excerpts: Copyright © 2008 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved.



More About This Book:
Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Copyright: 1999
ISBN: 0-78171-943-7

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