...
Is there a history of drug, caffeine, or alcohol ingestion? The hangover headache is well known and should not present a problem in diagnosis. Caffeine withdrawal headaches are also common because of the ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
A subjective sensory phenomenon that may involve any of the five senses, such as visual auras (often described as flashing lights), sensory auras (paresthesias), or auditory auras. Other auras may be described as dreamlike or déjà vu sensations, or odd odors. The type of symptom... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Headache is one of the most common primary care complaints. It may be an isolated or recurrent event; it may be idiopathic or secondary to an underlying structural lesion; or it may simply require an analgesic for pain relief or a complete and detailed workup for its source. One must... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
An abdominal bruit is a murmur that corresponds to the cardiac cycle. It is heard best with the diaphragm of the stethoscope, usually over the abdominal aorta, renal arteries, or spleen. It can be a sign of atherosclerosis or fibromuscular hyperplasia. However, it may also be... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Abdominal guarding refers to muscular rigidity of the abdomen upon palpation. It may be involuntary or voluntary. The examiner may try to limit the voluntary guarding during the physical examination by having the patient bend both knees and/or rest the head on a pillow, and asking... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
By age 7, 40% of children will have experienced headaches. By age 15, this figure rises to 75%. Headache can be the presenting symptom of a neurologic emergency such as subarachnoid hemorrhage, or of a chronic and common disease such as migraine. The... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
... This symptom is best analyzed by using anatomy, as seen in Tables 32 and 33 , but differentiation by pathophysiology is interesting, particularly in muscle traction headaches and migraines.
... READ EXCERPTS »
... An aura is a sensory or motor phenomenon, idea, or emotion that marks the initial stage of a seizure or the approach of a classic migraine headache. Auras may be classified as cognitive, affective, psychosensory, or psychomotor. (See Recognizing types of auras.)
... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Clinical features of headache,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Detected by palpation, abdominal rigidity refers to abnormal muscle tension or inflexibility of the abdomen. Rigidity may be voluntary or involuntary. Voluntary rigidity reflects the patient’s fear or nervousness upon palpation; involuntary rigidity reflects potentially life... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Muscle contraction (tension)
Migraine
Cluster (histamine) headache
Nonmigrainous vascular causes
Effort (physical activity)
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common patient complaint, headache usually occurs as a symptom of an underlying disorder. Ninety percent of all headaches are vascular, muscle contraction, or a combination; 10% are due to underlying intracranial, systemic, or psychological disorders.... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... West Nile encephalitis is categorized as an infectious disease that primarily causes an inflammation or “encephalitis” of the brain. West Nile virus (WNV), a flavivirus commonly found in humans, birds, and other vertebrates in Africa, west Asia, and the... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Signs and Symptoms Pallor, cyanosis, pain, tachycardia, dyspnea, hypotension, bruising, abdominal distention and rigidity
Treatment (Tx) I.V. fluid replacement, surgical repair, analgesics, antibiotics
... READ EXCERPTS »
... An aura is a sensory or motor phenomenon, idea, or emotion that marks the initial stage of a seizure or the approach of a classic migraine headache. Auras may be classified as cognitive, affective, psychosensory, or psychomotor. (See Recognizing types of auras.)
... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Comparing benign headaches, page 390.)... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Detected by palpation, abdominal rigidity refers to abnormal muscle tension or inflexibility of the abdomen. Rigidity may be voluntary or involuntary. Voluntary rigidity reflects the patient’s fear or nervousness upon palpation; involuntary rigidity reflects potentially life... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Robert B. Taylor
Headache is one of the 20 most frequent reasons patients visit primary care providers in the United States. Migraine headache, one of the common causes of recurrent headache, occurred one or more times yearly in 17.6% of females and in 5.7% of... Approach. ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Differential Overview
❑ Migraine
❑ Tension
❑ Acute sinusitis
❑ Acute glaucoma
❑... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common patient complaint, headache usually occurs as a symptom of an underlying disorder. Ninety percent of all headaches are vascular, muscle contraction, or a combination; 10% are due to underlying intracranial, systemic, or... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... West Nile encephalitis, part of a family of vectorborne diseases that also includes malaria, yellow fever, and Lyme disease, is an infectious disease that primarily causes encephalitis (inflammation) of the brain. It’s caused by the West Nile virus (WNV), a... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
... READ EXCERPTS »
... An aura is a sensory or motor phenomenon, idea, or emotion that marks the initial stage of a seizure or the approach of a classic migraine headache. Auras may be classified as cognitive, affective, psychosensory, or psychomotor. (See Recognizing types of auras... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Comparing benign headaches.) Occasionally, though,
... READ EXCERPTS »
...In most children, headache is not due toa serious cause. Diagnostic dilemma is to determine which childrenhave serious underlying pathology. Principal Causes of Headache Tension-typeheadache Vascular headache Migraineheadache ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Table 25.1. Anatomic Location of Common Intracranial Neoplasms ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
... READ EXCERPTS »
... An aura is a sensory or motor phenomenon, idea, or emotion that marks the initial stage of a seizure or the approach of a classic migraine headache. Auras may be classified as cognitive, affective, psychosensory, or psychomotor. (See Recognizing types of auras.)
When... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Clinical features of headache, page 298.) Occasionally, however... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Detected by palpation, abdominal rigidity refers to abnormal muscle tension or inflexibility of the abdomen. Rigidity may be voluntary or involuntary. Voluntary rigidity reflects the patient's fear or nervousness upon palpation; involuntary rigidity reflects... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
This symptom is best analyzed by using anatomy, as seen in Tables
32 and 33, but differentiation by pathophysiology is
interesting, particularly in muscle traction headaches and migraines.
Moving by layers from the skin... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Joel Friedlander, D.O., MBe Abdominal Migraine - BASICS Abdominal Migraine - description Recurrent attacks of periumbilical pain with nausea, vomiting, headache, pallor, perspiration, slowing of pulse rate, fever, occasional... Abdominal Migraine - DIAGNOSIS ... Abdominal Migraine - TREATMENT ... Abdominal Migraine - FOLLOW UP ... Abdominal Migraine - bibliography ... Abdominal Migraine - CODES ... Abdominal Migraine - PATIENT TEACHING-MED ... Abdominal Migraine - FAQ
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Brad C. Klein, MD, MBA Headache and Migraine - BASICS Headache and Migraine - description Primary headache: No underlying condition (migraine, tension headache, cluster headache) Secondary headache: Symptomatic of a specific ... Headache and Migraine - DIAGNOSIS ... Headache and Migraine - TREATMENT ... Headache and Migraine - bibliography ... Headache and Migraine - CODES ... Headache and Migraine - FAQ
... READ EXCERPTS »
Good communication between a doctor and patient is crucial. Migraine sufferers should prepare to discuss details of their symptoms with their...