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Diagnosis may be confirmed by the following tests:
❑ Barium swallow or upper GI and small-bowel series may reveal the presence of the ulcer. This is the initial test performed on a patient whose symptoms aren’t severe.
❑ Laboratory analysis may detect occult blood in stools.
❑ Serologic testing may disclose clinical signs of infection such as an elevated white blood cell count.
❑ Carbon 13 (13C) urea breath test results reflect activity of H. pylori.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
A patient with dyspepsia may have an upper GI series to help diagnose a peptic ulcer. For a patient with a confirmed gastric ulcer, an upper endoscopy should be performed to help distinguish between benign and malignant disease. An endoscopy should also be performed in a patient with GI bleeding to identify areas of ulceration. In a patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease, H. pylori may be diagnosed with urease breath testing or serologic testing. H. pylori can also be diagnosed by biopsy via upper endoscopy.
Other tests may disclose occult blood in the stools and a decreased hemoglobin level and hematocrit from GI bleeding.
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
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