Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis B
Prevalance of Hepatitis B:
estimated 1.5 million HBV carriers in the U.S. (NWHIC); 417,000 people currently infected (CDC 2001) ... see also overview of Hepatitis B.
Prevalance Rate:
approx 1 in 181 or 0.55% or 1.5 million people in USA [Source statistic for calcuation: "estimated 1.5 million HBV carriers in the U.S. (NWHIC); 417,000 people currently infected (CDC 2001)" -- see also general information about data sources]
Prevalance of types of Hepatitis B:
For details see prevalence of types of Hepatitis B analysis; summary of available prevalence data:
Hepatitis B Prevalence: Book Excerpts
Incidence (annual) of Hepatitis B:
200,000 to 300,000 new cases in the USA 1990 (Digestive diseases in the United States: Epidemiology and Impact – NIH Publication No. 94-1447, NIDDK, 1994) ... see also overview of Hepatitis B.
Incidence Rate:
approx 1 in 1,359 or 0.07% or 200,000 people in USA [Source statistic for calcuation: "200,000 to 300,000 new cases in the USA 1990 (Digestive diseases in the United States: Epidemiology and Impact – NIH Publication No. 94-1447, NIDDK, 1994)" -- see also general information about data sources]
Incidence extrapolations for USA for Hepatitis B:
200,000 per year,
16,666 per month,
3,846 per week,
547 per day,
22 per hour,
0 per minute,
0 per second.
[Source statistic for calculation: "200,000 to 300,000 new cases in the USA 1990 (Digestive diseases in the United States: Epidemiology and Impact – NIH Publication No. 94-1447, NIDDK, 1994)" -- see also general information about data sources]
Lifetime risk for Hepatitis B:
4% of population in the USA have history of HepB disease 1990 (Digestive diseases in the United States: Epidemiology and Impact – NIH Publication No. 94-1447, NIDDK, 1994)
Prevalance of Hepatitis B:
Approximately 750,000 people in the United States are living
with sexually acquired hepatitis B infection. (Source: excerpt from Sexually Transmitted Diseases Statistics, NIAID Fact Sheet: NIAID)
...
4 percent of U.S. population that have any history of
disease (1990) (Source: excerpt from Digestive Diseases Statistics: NIDDK)
...
There are an estimated 1.5
million HBV carriers in the U.S. and 300 million carriers worldwide. (Source: excerpt from Hepatitis: NWHIC)
Worldwide prevalence of Hepatitis B:
360 million people worldwide for Hepatitis B (Blood Safety Surveillance and Health Care Acquired Infections Division, Health Canada)
Incidence of Hepatitis B:
An estimated 77,000 cases of sexually transmitted hepatitis B
infection occur annually in the United States. (Source: excerpt from Sexually Transmitted Diseases Statistics, NIAID Fact Sheet: NIAID)
...
200,000 to 300,000 new cases (1990) (Source: excerpt from Digestive Diseases Statistics: NIDDK)
Prevelance statistics for Hepatitis B:
The following statistics relate to the prevalence of Hepatitis B:
- 417,000 people currently infected with Hep B in America (Tracking The Hidden Epidemics, CDC, 2002)
- 417,000 people currently infected in America (Tracking The Hidden Epidemics, CDC, 2002)
- Estimated 3 men per 100,000 in Canada (Blood Safety Surveillance and Health Care Acquired Infections Division, Health Canada)
- Estimated 1.5 women per 100,000 in Canada (Blood Safety Surveillance and Health Care Acquired Infections Division, Health Canada)
- Estimated 0.5-1% of population in Canada (Blood Safety Surveillance and Health Care Acquired Infections Division, Health Canada)
- 78% of all cases occur in Asia (Blood Safety Surveillance and Health Care Acquired Infections Division, Health Canada)
- 16% of all cases occur in Africa (Blood Safety Surveillance and Health Care Acquired Infections Division, Health Canada)
- more statistics...»
Incidence statistics for Hepatitis B:
The following statistics relate to the incidence of Hepatitis B:
- Estimated 417,000 million new cases each year in the USA 2002 (Trends in STD’s in the US, CDC, 2002)
- 120,000 new cases annually in America (Tracking The Hidden Epidemics, CDC, 2002)
- 10,258 cases annually (1998)
- 120,000 annual cases (CDC 2001)
- 7,694 annual cases notified in USA 1999 (MMWR 1999)
- 3.19 per 100,000 in Canada 20001
- Estimated 120,000 million new cases each year in the USA 2002 (Trends in STD’s in the US, CDC, 2002)
- more statistics...»
Death statistics for Hepatitis B:
The following statistics relate to deaths and Hepatitis B:
- Hepatitis B death statistics by worldwide region:
- About 20,000 deaths from Hepatitis B in Africa 2002 (The World Health Report, WHO, 2004)
- About 6,000 deaths from Hepatitis B in The Americas 2002 (The World Health Report, WHO, 2004)
- About 37,000 deaths from Hepatitis B in South East Asia 2002 (The World Health Report, WHO, 2004)
- About 5,000 deaths from Hepatitis B in Europe 2002 (The World Health Report, WHO, 2004)
- About 10,000 deaths from Hepatitis B in Eastern Mediterranean 2002 (The World Health Report, WHO, 2004)
- About 6,000 deaths from Hepatitis B in Western Pacific 2002 (The World Health Report, WHO, 2004)
- more statistics...»
More Statistics about Hepatitis B:
Deaths and related statistics
Hospitalization statistics
All statistics for Hepatitis B
Prevalence/Incidence of Hepatitis B: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about the prevalence and/or incidence of Hepatitis B.
Viral hepatitis:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
The major forms of viral hepatitis result from infection with the causative viruses: A, B, C, D, E, or G.
Type A hepatitis is highly contagious and is usually transmitted by the fecal-oral route. However, it may also be transmitted parenterally. Hepatitis A usually results from ingestion of contaminated food, milk, or water. Many outbreaks of this type are traced to ingestion of seafood from polluted water. In 2001, there were more than 10,000 acute cases of hepatitis A infection reported in the United States.
Type B hepatitis, once thought to be transmitted only by the direct exchange of contaminated blood, is now known to be transmitted also by contact with human secretions and feces. As a result, nurses, physicians, laboratory technicians, and dentists are frequently exposed to type B hepatitis, in many cases as a result of wearing defective gloves. Transmission also occurs during intimate sexual contact as well as through perinatal transmission. An estimated 200,000 new cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 5,000 deaths from HBV occur annually in the United States.
Although specific type C hepatitis viruses have been isolated, only a small percentage of patients have tested positive for them — perhaps reflecting the test’s poor specificity. Usually, this type of hepatitis is transmitted through transfused blood from asymptomatic donors. Hepatitis C accounts for 30,000 new infections and 8,000 to 10,000 deaths each year in the United States. Most exposures (60%) occur through the use of illicit I.V. drugs. However, sexual transmission is responsible for 20% of cases. More than 170 million people have the hepatitis C virus worldwide.
Type D hepatitis is found only in patients with an acute or chronic episode of hepatitis B and requires the presence of HBsAg. The type D virus depends on the double-shelled type B virus to replicate. For this reason, type D infection can’t outlast a type B infection. About 15 million people are infected with hepatitis D worldwide. It’s more common in adults than in children. People with a history of illicit I.V. drug use and people who live in the Mediterranean basin have a higher incidence.
Type E hepatitis is transmitted enterically, much like type A. Because this virus is inconsistently shed in feces, detection is difficult. In the United States, the prevalence of hepatitis E is less than 2%. It’s typically found in developing countries that lie near the equator. Incidence is highest among people ages 15 to 40.
Type G may be transmitted in a manner similar to that of hepatitis C. It may also be transmitted by sexual contact, and its incidence may be higher than previously suspected. It’s associated with acute and chronic liver disease, but studies haven’t clearly implicated the hepatitis G virus as an etiologic agent.
Other proposed causative factors, such as non-ABCDE viral hepatitis and type F, are under investigation.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Chronic Hepatitis:
Chronic Hepatitis - epidemiology
(The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult)
Depends on the cause of the underlying disease:
- Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a leading cause of elevated AST/ALT.
- Hepatitis B: Common in immigrant children from Asia and Eastern Europe
- Hepatitis C: Common in those who had blood transfusions and blood products before screening became available, users of IV drugs, nasal cocaine users
- Wilson disease presents mainly in older children and adults.
- Autoimmune liver disease is more common in females and older children.
- Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) may be associated with other autoimmune conditions such as diabetes, ulcerative colitis, autoimmune thyroiditis, and celiac disease.
- Cystic fibrosis and α
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008
Smallpox (Variola Virus):
Smallpox - epidemiology
(The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult)
- The last documented case of endemic smallpox was in Somalia in 1977. The last case in the US was in the late 1940s.
- Smallpox was declared eradicated by the World Health Organization in 1980.
- Historically in unvaccinated individuals ordinary smallpox accounted for 90% of cases and hemorrhagic accounted for 7% of cases. Flat and modified smallpox accounted for the remainder of cases.
- Modified smallpox was rare in unvaccinated individuals but accounted for 25% of cases of disease in vaccinated individuals.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008
Hepatitis:
Epidemiology and Etiology
(Pediatric Infectious Disease)
Hepatitis A is the most common viral etiology of pediatric hepatitis. The mode
of transmission is person to person, resulting from fecal contamination of
food. Sexual contact and nosocomial transmission have also been documented.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Pediatric Infectious Disease, 2004
About prevalence and incidence statistics:
The term 'prevalence' of Hepatitis B usually refers to the estimated population
of people who are managing Hepatitis B at any given time.
The term 'incidence' of Hepatitis B refers to the annual diagnosis rate,
or the number of new cases of Hepatitis B diagnosed each year.
Hence, these two statistics types can differ:
a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence,
but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence.
For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.
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