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Diagnosis is based on the physical examination and patient history. Helpful (but nondiagnostic) measures include laboratory data showing increased antibody titers, smears of genital lesions showing atypical cells, and cytologic preparations (Tzanck test) that reveal giant cells.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Diagnosis of herpes zoster usually isn’t possible until the characteristic skin lesions develop. Before then, the pain may mimic that of appendicitis, pleurisy, or other conditions. Individuals who are susceptible to varicella may develop a varicella infection following exposure to patients with zoster. Examination of vesicular fluid and infected tissue shows eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions and varicella virus. Also, a lumbar puncture shows increased pressure; examination of cerebrospinal fluid shows increased protein levels and, possibly, pleocytosis. Differentiation of herpes zoster from localized herpes simplex requires staining antibodies from vesicular fluid and identification under fluorescent light.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
A positive diagnosis of herpes zoster usually isn’t possible until the characteristic skin lesions develop. Before then, the pain may mimic that of appendicitis, pleurisy, or other conditions. Diagnostic test results include the following:
❑ Examination of vesicular fluid and infected tissue shows eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions and varicella virus.
❑ Lumbar puncture shows increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure; examination of CSF shows increased protein levels and, possibly, pleocytosis. ❑ Staining antibodies from vesicular fluid and identification under fluorescent light differentiate herpes zoster from localized herpes simplex.
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
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