Treatments for Hyperglycemia
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Drugs and Medications used to treat Hyperglycemia:
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or change in treatment plans.
Some of the different medications used in the treatment of Hyperglycemia include:
Hospital statistics for Hyperglycemia:
These medical statistics relate to hospitals, hospitalization and Hyperglycemia:
- 0.013% (1,701) of hospital consultant episodes were for elevated blood glucose level in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 84% of hospital consultant episodes for elevated blood glucose level required hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 46% of hospital consultant episodes for elevated blood glucose level were for men in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 54% of hospital consultant episodes for elevated blood glucose level were for women in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 55% of hospital consultant episodes for elevated blood glucose level required emergency hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
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Hospitals & Medical Clinics: Hyperglycemia
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Medical news summaries about treatments for Hyperglycemia:
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Book Excerpts: Treatment of Hyperglycemia
Treatments of Hyperglycemia: Online Medical Books
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Hyperglycemia:
Treatment
(In a Page: Signs and Symptoms)
-
IV fluids
-
Acute treatment includes insulin administration (IV or subcutaneous) or oral hypoglycemic medications
-
Remove offending medications if possible
-
Treat the underlying etiology
-
Acute treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis involves fluid repletion, correction of electrolyte disturbances, insulin administration, and very frequent monitoring of glucose and electrolytes (intensive care admission is often necessary for initial stages of treatment)
-
Long-term management includes regular testing of HbA1C, glucose (home readings), blood pressure, lipid profile, renal function, and regular podiatric and ophthalmology examinations
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» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In a Page: Signs and Symptoms, 2004
Hyperglycemia:
Treatment
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
-
Initial management
–Fluid to correct dehydration
–Insulin to correct hyperglycemia and acidosis
–Intravenous therapy required if patient in DKA
-
Long-term management: Goal is to normalize blood glucose and HbA1c to decrease risk of acute and chronic complications
-
Type II diabetes
–Absolute daily insulin requirement
–Monitor blood glucose (metabolic control)
–Attention to dietary intake (carbohydrate counting)
-
Type II diabetes
–Weight management via diet changes and exercise
–Most require medication (insulin and/or metformin)
-
Prognosis
–Chronic hyperglycemia increases long-term risk of microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy) and macrovascular (atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease) complications
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Monitor glucose levels in the infant. Hypoglycemia in the newborn is important and may go undetected:
Management
(Avoiding Common Pediatric Errors)
For asymptomatic infants whose hypoglycemia has been noted on an initial
screen,initial management is to provide enteral feeds (breast milk or formula).
Table1 4.2 Clinical Signs
Respiratory: Tachypnea; Apnea; Respiratory distress
Cardiovascular: Tachycardia; Bradycardia
Neurologic: Jitteriness; Lethargy; Weak suck; Temperature instability
These infants should continue to be monitored for 12 to 24 hours. If there
is a second episode of preprandial hypoglycemia, intravenous (IV) therapy
should be considered, even if the infant remains asymptomatic, recent literature suggests better neurodevelopment outcomes occur with better glycemic
control. For symptomatic infants or high-risk infants, immediate IV therapy
should be considered, as follows:
Bolus: 200 mg/kg dextrose (or 20 mL/kg of D10W),
THEN
Continuous: 5 to 8 mg/kg/min of glucose
If hypoglycemia recurs, repeat bolus and increase infusion by 15% to 20%
Once glucose levels have been stable for 12 to 24 hours, wean IV therapy
(reducetheinfusionrateby10%to20%eachtimebloodglucose>50mg/dL
(2.8 mmol/L))
What to watch out for: Dextrose concentrations >12.5% should ONLY be
administered via central catheter NOT by peripheral IV.
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Source: Avoiding Common Pediatric Errors, 2008
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