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What is the free T
4
? If this is elevated, think of hyperthyroidism.
What is the plasma cortisol? If this is elevated, think of Cushing's syndrome.
What is the plasma growth hormone? If ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Normal fasting glucose is <110 mg/dL, impaired fasting glucose is 111–125 mg/dL, and diabetes mellitus is defined as a fasting glucose >126 mg/dL. Several values above normal are indicated before making a diagnosis of impaired fasting glucose or>... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder of childhood, affecting about 2/1,000 school-age children in the U.S. The absolute or relative lack of insulin results in an abnormal metabolic state, including hyperglycemia. Children with... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... To form a list of diagnostic possibilities in a case of hyperglycemia, one needs only to think of the endocrine glands. Considering the pancreas should prompt the recall of diabetes mellitus and glucogonomas. Considering the adrenal gland would prompt the recall of Cushing disease and
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... Fruity breath odor results from respiratory elimination of excess acetone. This sign characteristically occurs with ketoacidosis — a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment to prevent severe dehydration, irreversible coma, and death.
... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination
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... Inadequate dietary preparation for glucose tolerance test
Impaired glucose tolerance
Gestational diabetes
Type 1 diabetes (B-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin
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... Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease of absolute or relative insulin deficiency or resistance characterized by disturbances in carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. A leading cause of death by disease in the United States, this syndrome is a... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Signs and Symptoms Acetone breath, Kussmaul’s respirations, dehydration, weak and thready pulse, nausea, vomiting, altered level of consciousness, dry mucous membranes, serum glucose level of 300 to 1,500 mg/dl
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... Signs and Symptoms Polyuria, thirst, neurologic abnormalities, stupor, serum glucose level of 600 to 3,000 mg/ dl
Treatment (Tx) Insulin, I.V. fluids, potassium
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... Fruity breath odor results from respiratory elimination of excess acetone. This sign characteristically occurs in ketoacidosis, a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment to prevent severe dehydration, irreversible coma,... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling
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... Michael Ostapchuk and Michael B. Foster
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both (1). There are two types of DM: type 1... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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... A chronic disease of absolute or relative insulin deficiency or resistance, diabetes mellitus is characterized by disturbances in carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism.
This condition occurs in two forms: type 1,... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Fruity breath odor results from respiratory elimination of excess acetone. This sign characteristically occurs with ketoacidosis — a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment to prevent severe dehydration,... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... Fruity breath odor results from respiratory elimination of excess acetone. This sign characteristically occurs with ketoacidosis — a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment to prevent severe dehydration,... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Fruity breath odor results from respiratory elimination of excess acetone. This sign characteristically occurs with ketoacidosis—a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment to prevent severe dehydration, irreversible... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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To form a list of diagnostic possibilities in a case of hyperglycemia,
one needs only to think of the endocrine glands. Considering the pancreas
should prompt the recall of diabetes mellitus and glucagonomas. Considering
the adrenal gland would prompt the recall of... Pictures
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... Author:
Esther Forrester, MD
What to Do - Make a Decision
To have a thorough understanding of fluid and electrolyte issues, one must
truly understand the body's composition of solutes and water and how equilibrium is maintained in normal circumstances. Water... Suggested Readings ... Pictures
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