Treatments for Hypopituitarism
Hypopituitarism: Is the Diagnosis Correct?
The first step in getting correct treatment is
to get a correct diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis list for Hypopituitarism may include:
Latest treatments for Hypopituitarism:
The following are some of the latest treatments for Hypopituitarism:
Hospital statistics for Hypopituitarism:
These medical statistics relate to hospitals, hospitalization and Hypopituitarism:
- 0.016% (2,061) of hospital consultant episodes were for hypofunction and other disorders of pituitary gland in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 94% of hospital consultant episodes for hypofunction and other disorders of pituitary gland required hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 54% of hospital consultant episodes for hypofunction and other disorders of pituitary gland were for men in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 46% of hospital consultant episodes for hypofunction and other disorders of pituitary gland were for women in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 14% of hospital consultant episodes for hypofunction and other disorders of pituitary gland required emergency hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- more hospital information...»
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Diabetes insipidus:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Mild cases require no treatment other than fluid intake to replace fluid lost. Until the cause of more severe cases of diabetes insipidus can be identified and eliminated, administration of various forms of vasopressin or of a vasopressin stimulant can control fluid balance and prevent dehydration. Vasopressin injection is an aqueous preparation that’s administered S.C. or I.M. several times a day because it’s effective for only 2 to 6 hours; this form of the drug is used in acute disease and as a diagnostic agent.
Desmopressin acetate can be given by nasal spray that’s absorbed through the mucous membranes, or by injection given S.C. or I.V.; this drug is effective for 8 to 20 hours, depending on the dosage. It’s also available in tablet form, to be given at bedtime or in divided doses. Hydrochlorothiazide can be used in both central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Indomethacin and amiloride are also used for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. If nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is caused by medication (such as lithium), stopping the medicine leads to kidney recovery.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Hypopituitarism:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Replacement of hormones secreted by the target glands is the most effective treatment for hypopituitarism. Hormone replacement therapy includes cortisol, T4, and androgen or cyclic estrogen. Prolactin need not be replaced. The patient of reproductive age may benefit from administration of FSH and human chorionic gonadotropin to boost fertility. GH replacement is recommended for adults as well as children. Replacement is done by administering daily subcutaneous injections of one of two recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) GHs, accompanied by follow-up of serum IGF-1 levels. Lean body mass increases, whereas adipose tissue — particularly in the abdomen — decreases. Risk of cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis also decrease with treatment. Many patients also notice an improved sense of well-being.
Somatrem, which is identical to hGH but is the product of recombinant DNA technology, has replaced GHs derived from human sources. It’s effective for treating dwarfism and stimulates growth increases as great as 4"to 6"(10 to 15 cm) in the first year of treatment. The growth rate tapers off in subsequent years. After pubertal changes have occurred, the effects of somatrem therapy are limited. Occasionally, a child becomes unresponsive to somatrem therapy, even with larger doses, perhaps because antibodies have formed against it. In such refractory patients, small doses of androgen may again stimulate growth but extreme caution is necessary to prevent premature closure of the epiphyses. Children with hypopituitarism may also need replacement of adrenal and thyroid hormones and, as they approach puberty, sex hormones.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Diabetes insipidus:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
Until the cause of diabetes insipidus can be identified and eliminated, administration of various forms of vasopressin can control fluid balance and prevent dehydration.
Vasopressin injection
This aqueous preparation is administered S.C. or I.M. several times a day because it’s effective for only 2 to 6 hours. This form of the drug is used as a diagnostic agent and, rarely, in acute disease.
Desmopressin acetate
This drug can be given orally, by nasal spray that’s absorbed through the mucous membranes or by S.C. or I.V. injection. Desmopressin acetate is effective for 8 to 20 hours, depending on the dosage.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Hypopituitarism:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
Replacement of hormones secreted by the target glands is the most effective treatment for hypopituitarism. Hormone replacement therapy includes cortisol, T4, and androgen or cyclic estrogen. Prolactin need not be replaced. The patient of reproductive age may benefit from cyclic administration of FSH and human chorionic gonadotropin to induce ovulation.
Clinical tip In hypopituitarism, the TSH levels become an unreliable marker for thyroid hormone replacement. Therefore, follow free T4 levels in this patient.
Somatrem and others, identical to hGH but the product of recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid technology, have replaced growth hormones derived from human sources. They’re effective for treating dwarfism and stimulating growth increases as great as 6" (15.2 cm) in the first year of treatment. The growth rate tapers off in subsequent years. After pubertal changes have occurred, the effects of somatrem therapy are limited. Occasionally, a child becomes unresponsive to somatrem therapy, even with larger doses, perhaps because antibodies have formed against it. In such refractory patients, small doses of androgen may again stimulate growth, but extreme caution is necessary to prevent premature closure of the epiphyses. Children with hypopituitarism may also need replacement of adrenal and thyroid hormones and, as they approach puberty, sex hormones.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
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