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Is there abdominal pain? The presence of abdominal pain with hematuria should first suggest renal calculus, but other causes, such as renal embolism, renal contusion, or laceration, must be considered.
Is there dysuria or frequency of ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Hematuria is the intermittent or persistent excretion of red or brown urine that can occur with a variety of clinical symptoms. The amount of blood can be grossly evident or microscopic. About 2.5% of the general population has asymptomatic... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Hematuria is defined as >5 red blood cells per high-power field in a freshly voided, spun urine specimen. Macroscopic (gross) hematuria is less common, is more likely to be attributed to an identified cause, and is always “pathologic.” Cola-colored urine, hematuria... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... Using the anatomic approach, the physician can arrive at most of the causes of hematuria ( Table 35 ). One need only visualize the urinary tract and proceed from the kidney on down to get a differential list. Let us apply the mnemonic VINDICATE to the kidney:
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... A cardinal sign of renal and urinary tract disorders, hematuria is the abnormal presence of blood in urine Strictly defined, it means three or more red blood cells (RBCs) per high-power microscopic field in urine Microscopic hematuria is... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Pseudohematuria (Dyes and Pigments)
Beets
Food dyes
Phenytoin
Rifampin
Pyridium
Urates
Porphyrins
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... Infection
Bacterial (pyelonephritis, acute or chronic)
Mycoplasmal
Toxoplasmosis
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... Acute pyelonephritis (also known as acute infective tubulointerstitial nephritis) is a sudden inflammation caused by bacteria that primarily affects the interstitial area and the renal pelvis or, less often, the renal tubules. It’s one of the most common renal diseases... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Nephrotic syndrome is a condition characterized by marked proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. (See What happens in nephrotic syndrome, page 796.) Although nephrotic syndrome isn’t a disease itself, it results from a specific... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN), also known as acute glomerulonephritis, is a relatively common bilateral inflammation of the glomeruli. It usually follows a streptococcal infection of the respiratory tract or, less often, a skin infection such as impetigo. ... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... A slowly progressive disease, chronic glomerulonephritis is characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli, which results in sclerosis, scarring, and eventual renal failure. This condition usually remains subclinical until the progressive phase begins, marked by... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... A cardinal sign of renal and urinary tract disorders, hematuria is the abnormal presence of blood in the urine. Strictly defined, it means three or more red blood cells (RBCs) per high-power microscopic field in the urine. Microscopic hematuria is confirmed by an occult blood... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Siegfried Schmidt and Ku-Lang Chang
Hematuria, defined as “blood in the urine,” is encountered frequently in family practice. It can occur as gross (macroscopic) hematuria with obvious reddish discoloration or can be seen... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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... Differential Overview
❑ Urinary tract infection
❑ Nephrolithiasis
❑ Anticoagulation
❑ Long distance running
❑ Renal trauma ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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... Nephrotic syndrome (or nephrosis) is characterized by marked proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipemia, and edema. Although nephrotic syndrome isn’t a disease itself, it results from a specific glomerular defect and indicates renal damage. The... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... One of the most common renal diseases, acute pyelonephritis (also known as acute infective tubulointerstitial nephritis) is a sudden inflammation caused by bacteria that primarily affects the interstitial area and the renal pelvis or, less often, the renal tubules.... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Also called acute glomerulonephritis, acute poststreptococcal glomerlo-nephritis (APSGN) is a relatively common bilateral inflammation of the glomeruli. It follows a streptococcal infection of the respiratory tract or, less commonly, a... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... A slowly progressive disease, chronic glomerulonephritis is characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli, which results in sclerosis, scarring and, eventually, renal failure.
This condition usually remains subclinical... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... A cardinal sign of renal and urinary tract disorders, hematuria is the abnormal presence of blood in the urine. Microscopic hematuria is confirmed by an occult blood test, whereas macroscopic hematuria is immediately visible. However, macroscopic hematuria must be distinguished from... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Hematuria—presenceof blood in urine—can be microscopic (urine is not discolored) orgross (urine has red or brown discoloration). >5 red cells per high-powerfield in centrifuged urinary sediment is considered abnormal. ... Principal Causes of Hematuria ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
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... A cardinal sign of renal and urinary tract disorders, hematuria is the abnormal presence of blood in urine. Strictly defined, it means three or more red blood cells (RBCs) per high-power microscopic field in urine. Microscopic hematuria is confirmed by an occult blood test, whereas... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Using the anatomic approach, the physician can arrive at most of
the causes of hematuria (Table 35). One need only visualize the
urinary tract and proceed from the kidney on down to get a differential
list. Let us apply the mnemonic VINDICATE... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Christine B. Sethna, MD, EdMKevin E.C. Meyers, MB, BCh Glomerulonephritis - BASICS Glomerulonephritis - description Glomerulonephritis (GN) presents with hematuria with RBC casts, proteinuria, oliguria, hypertension, azotemia and ... Glomerulonephritis - DIAGNOSIS ... Glomerulonephritis - TREATMENT ... Glomerulonephritis - FOLLOW UP ... Glomerulonephritis - bibliography ... Glomerulonephritis - CODES ... Glomerulonephritis - FAQ
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... Ann Salerno, MD Hematuria - BASICS Hematuria - description Hematuria is defined as >5 RBCs per high-power field (hpf), using a standard urinalysis technique on a centrifuged sample. This correlates with a urine dipstick reaction of ≥1+. ... Hematuria - DIAGNOSIS ... Hematuria - TREATMENT ... Hematuria - FOLLOW UP ... Hematuria - bibliography ... Hematuria - CODES
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