Prevalence and Incidence of Immune deficiency conditions

Prevalence/Incidence of Immune deficiency conditions: Online Medical Books

16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE! Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration, for more information about the prevalence and/or incidence of Immune deficiency conditions.

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease: Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

SCID is usually transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait, although it may be X-linked. In most cases, the genetic defect seems associated with failure of the stem cell to differentiate into T and B lymphocytes. Many molecular defects such as mutation of the kinase ZAP-70 can cause SCID. X-linked SCID is due to a mutation of a subunit of the interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and IL-7 receptors. Less commonly, it results from an enzyme deficiency.

SCID affects more males than females. Its estimated incidence is 1 in every 100,000 to 500,000 births. Most untreated patients die from infection within 1 year of birth.

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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

AIDS results from infection with HIV, which has two forms: HIV-1 and HIV-2. Both forms of HIV have the same modes of transmission and similar opportunistic infections associated with AIDS, but studies indicate that HIV-2 develops more slowly and presents with milder symptoms than HIV-1.

Transmission occurs through contact with infected blood or body fluids and is associated with identifiable high-risk behaviors. It’s disproportionately represented in:

❑ homosexual and bisexual men

❑ persons who use illicit I.V. drugs

❑ neonates of infected females

❑ recipients of contaminated blood or blood products (incidence dramatically decreased since mid-1985)

❑ heterosexual partners of persons in the former groups.

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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005

Immune Deficiency: Immune Deficiency - epidemiology
(The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult)

Immune Deficiency - prevalence

Most common immunodeficiency is IgA deficiency, with an estimated prevalence of 1:500 people:

• 1:3,000 for chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DiGeorge syndrome)
• 1:60,000 for SCID
• 1:200,000 for chronic granulomatous disease

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Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008

About prevalence and incidence statistics:

The term 'prevalence' of Immune deficiency conditions usually refers to the estimated population of people who are managing Immune deficiency conditions at any given time. The term 'incidence' of Immune deficiency conditions refers to the annual diagnosis rate, or the number of new cases of Immune deficiency conditions diagnosed each year. Hence, these two statistics types can differ: a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence, but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence. For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.

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