Symptoms of Infectious arthritis
Symptoms of Infectious arthritis
The list of signs and symptoms mentioned in various sources
for Infectious arthritis includes the 8
symptoms listed below:
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Infectious arthritis Symptoms: Book Excerpts
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Infectious arthritis: Undiagnosed Conditions
Diseases that may be commonly undiagnosed in related medical areas:
Wrongly Diagnosed with Infectious arthritis?
The list of other diseases or medical conditions
that may be on the differential diagnosis list of alternative diagnoses
for Infectious arthritis includes:
See the full list of 9
alternative diagnoses for Infectious arthritis
Infectious arthritis: Research Doctors & Specialists
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Other Possible Causes of these Symptoms
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or drug side effect causes of that symptom.
Medical Books Online about Infectious arthritis
Medical Books Excerpts
Excerpts of published medical book chapters related to Infectious arthritis
are available from published medical books
for more detailed information about Infectious arthritis.
Copyright notice for book excerpts: Copyright © 2008 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved.
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Patient Surveys for Infectious arthritis
Symptoms of Infectious arthritis: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about the symptoms of Infectious arthritis.
Psoriatic arthritis:
Signs and symptoms
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Psoriatic lesions usually precede the arthritic component; however, after the full syndrome is established, joint and skin lesions recur simultaneously. Arthritis may involve one joint or several joints symmetrically. Spinal involvement occurs in some patients. Peripheral joint involvement is most common in the distal interphalangeal joints of the hands, which have a characteristic sausage-like appearance. Nail changes include pitting, transverse ridges, onycholysis, keratosis, yellowing, and destruction. The patient may experience general malaise, fever, and eye involvement.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Septic arthritis:
Signs and symptoms
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Acute septic arthritis begins abruptly, causing intense pain, inflammation, and swelling of the affected joint and low-grade fever. It usually affects a single joint. It most commonly develops in the large joints but can strike any joint, including the spine and small peripheral joints. The hip is a frequent site in infants. Systemic signs of inflammation may not appear in some patients. Migratory polyarthritis sometimes precedes localization of the infection. If the bacteria invade the hip, pain may occur in the groin, upper thigh, or buttock or may be referred to the knee.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis:
Signs and symptoms
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Signs and symptoms vary with the type of JRA. Affecting males and females almost equally, systemic JRA accounts for approximately 10% to 30% of cases. The affected children may have mild, transient arthritis or frank polyarthritis associated with fever and rash. Joint involvement may not be evident at first, but the child’s behavior may clearly suggest joint pain. Such a child may constantly want to sit in a flexed position, may not walk much, or may refuse to walk at all. Young children with JRA are noticeably irritable and listless.
Fever in systemic JRA occurs suddenly and spikes to 103° F (39.4° C) or higher once or twice daily, usually in the late afternoon, then rapidly returns to normal or subnormal. (This “sawtooth” or intermittent spiking fever pattern helps differentiate JRA from other inflammatory disorders.) When fever spikes, an evanescent rheumatoid rash commonly appears, consisting of small pale or salmon pink macules, usually on the trunk and proximal extremities and occasionally on the face, palms, and soles. Massaging or applying heat intensifies this rash. It’s usually most conspicuous where the skin has been rubbed or subjected to pressure such as the areas of skin covered by underclothing.
Other signs and symptoms of systemic JRA may include hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pleuritis, pericarditis, myocarditis, and nonspecific abdominal pain.
Polyarticular JRA accounts for about 40% of cases and is three times more common in females than in males; affected children may be seronegative or seropositive for rheumatoid factor (RF). It involves five or more joints and usually develops insidiously. Most commonly involved joints are the wrists, elbows, knees, ankles, and small joints of the hands and feet. Polyarticular JRA can also affect larger joints, including the temporomandibular joints, cervical spine, hips, and shoulders. These joints become swollen, tender, and stiff. Usually, the arthritis is symmetrical; it may be remittent or indolent. The patient may run a low-grade fever with daily peaks. Listlessness and weight loss can occur, possibly with lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Other signs of polyarticular JRA include subcutaneous nodules on the elbows or heels and noticeable developmental retardation.
Seropositive polyarticular JRA, the more severe type, usually occurs late in childhood and can cause destructive arthritis that mimics adult rheumatoid arthritis.
Pauciarticular JRA involves few joints (usually no more than four), typically affecting the knees and other large joints. This form accounts for 45% of cases and has major subtypes. The first, pauciarticular JRA with chronic iridocyclitis, most commonly strikes females younger than age 6 and involves the knees, elbows, ankles, or iris. Inflammation of the iris and ciliary body is commonly asymptomatic but may produce pain, redness, blurred vision, and photophobia.
The second subtype, pauciarticular JRA with sacroiliitis, usually strikes males (9:1) older than age 8, who tend to test positive for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27. This subtype is characterized by lower extremity arthritis that produces hip, sacroiliac, heel, and foot pain as well as Achilles' tendinitis. These patients may later develop the sacroiliac and lumbar arthritis characteristic of ankylosing spondylitis. Some also experience acute iritis, but not as many as those with the first subtype.
The third subtype includes patients with joint involvement who are antinuclear antibody (ANA) and HLA-B27 negative and don’t develop iritis. These patients have a better prognosis than those with the first or second subtype.
Common to all types of JRA is joint stiffness in the morning or after periods of inactivity. Back pain and limited range of motion is common. Growth disturbances may also occur, resulting in uneven length of arms or legs due to overgrowth or undergrowth adjacent to inflamed joints.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Rheumatoid arthritis:
Signs and symptoms
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
RA usually develops insidiously and initially produces nonspecific signs and symptoms, such as fatigue, malaise, anorexia, persistent low-grade fever, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, and vague articular symptoms. Later, more specific localized articular symptoms develop, commonly in the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal, metacarpophalangeal, and metatarsophalangeal joints. These symptoms usually occur bilaterally and symmetrically and may extend to the wrists, knees, elbows, and ankles. The affected joints stiffen after inactivity, especially upon rising in the morning. The fingers may assume a spindle shape from marked edema and joint congestion. The joints become tender and painful, at first only when the patient moves them, but eventually even at rest. They commonly feel hot to the touch. Ultimately, joint function is diminished.
Deformities are common if active disease continues. (See Joint deformities.) Proximal interphalangeal joints may develop flexion deformities or become hyperextended. Metacarpophalangeal joints may swell dorsally, and volar subluxation and stretching of tendons may pull the fingers to the ulnar side (“ulnar drift”). The fingers may become fixed in a characteristic “swan’s neck” appearance, or “boutonnière” deformity. The hands appear foreshortened, the wrists boggy; carpal tunnel syndrome from synovial pressure on the median nerve causes tingling paresthesia in the fingers.
The most common extra-articular finding is the gradual appearance of rheumatoid nodules — subcutaneous, round or oval, nontender masses — usually on pressure areas such as the elbows. Vasculitis can lead to skin lesions, leg ulcers, and multiple systemic complications. Peripheral neuropathy may produce numbness or tingling in the feet or weakness and loss of sensation in the fingers. Stiff, weak, or painful muscles are common. Other common extra-articular effects include pericarditis, pulmonary nodules or fibrosis, pleuritis, scleritis, and episcleritis.
Another complication is destruction of the odontoid process, part of the second cervical vertebra. Rarely, cord compression may occur, particularly in patients with long-standing deforming disease. Upper motor neuron signs and symptoms, such as a positive Babinski’s sign and muscle weakness, may also develop.
RA can also cause temporomandibular joint disease, which impairs chewing and causes earaches. Other extra-articular findings may include infection, osteoporosis, myositis, cardiopulmonary lesions, lymphadenopathy, and peripheral neuritis.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Psoriatic arthritis:
Signs and symptoms
(Handbook of Diseases)
Psoriatic lesions usually precede the arthritic component; however, when the full syndrome is established, joint and skin lesions may recur simultaneously. Arthritis may involve one joint or several joints asymmetrically or symmetrically. Spinal involvement occurs in some patients. Peripheral joint involvement is most common in the distal interphalangeal joints of the hands, which have a characteristic sausage-like appearance. Nail changes include pitting, transverse ridges, onycholysis, keratosis, yellowing, and destruction. The patient may experience general malaise, fever, and eye involvement.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Septic arthritis:
Signs and symptoms
(Handbook of Diseases)
Acute septic arthritis begins abruptly, causing intense pain, inflammation, and swelling of the affected joint, with low-grade fever. Although it usually affects a single, large joint, it can affect any joint, including the spine and small peripheral joints.
CLINICAL TIP: Systemic signs of inflammation may not appear in some patients. Migratory polyarthritis sometimes precedes localization of the infection. If the bacteria invade the hip, pain may occur in the groin, upper thigh, or buttock, or may be referred to the knee.
UNDER STUDY: The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) 2 allele has been associated with higher septic shock susceptibility and mortality. Investigation of polymorphisms within the TNF alpha cluster will be important in understanding the role of TNF alpha regulation in specific diseases.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis:
Signs and symptoms
(Handbook of Diseases)
Signs and symptoms vary with the type of JRA.
Systemic JRA
Affecting boys and girls almost equally, systemic JRA accounts for 20% to 30% of cases. Affected children may have mild, transient arthritis or frank poly-arthritis associated with fever and rash.
CLINICAL TIP: Joint involvement may not be evident at first, but the child’s behavior may clearly suggest joint pain. Such a child may want to constantly sit in a flexed position, may not walk much, or may refuse to walk at all. Young children with JRA are noticeably irritable and listless.
Fever in systemic JRA occurs suddenly and spikes to 103° F (39.4° C) or higher once or twice daily, usually in the late afternoon, then rapidly returns to normal or subnormal. (This sawtooth, or intermittent spiking, fever pattern helps differentiate JRA from other inflammatory disorders.) When fever spikes, an evanescent rheumatoid rash typically appears, consisting of small, pale or salmon pink macules, most commonly on the trunk and proximal extremities and occasionally on the face, palms, and soles.
Massaging or applying heat intensifies this rash, which is usually most conspicuous where the skin has been rubbed or subjected to pressure, such as that from underclothing.
Other signs and symptoms of systemic JRA include hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pleuritis, pericarditis, myocarditis, and nonspecific abdominal pain.
Polyarticular JRA
Polyarticular JRA is four to nine times more common in girls than in boys and may be seronegative or seropositive for rheumatoid factor (RF). It involves five or more joints and usually develops insidiously. The joints most commonly involved are the wrists, elbows, knees, ankles, and small joints of the hands and feet.
Polyarticular JRA can also affect larger joints, including the temporomandibular joints and those of the cervical spine, hips, and shoulders. These joints become swollen, tender, and stiff.
Usually, the arthritis is symmetrical; it may be remittent or indolent. The patient may run a low-grade fever with daily peaks. Listlessness and weight loss can occur, possibly with lymphaden-opathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Other signs of polyarticular JRA include subcutaneous nodules on the elbows or heels and noticeable developmental retardation.
Seropositive polyarticular JRA, the more severe type, usually occurs late in childhood and can cause destructive arthritis that mimics adult RA.
Pauciarticular JRA
Involving few joints (usually no more than four), pauciarticular JRA usually affects the knees and other large joints. It accounts for 45% of cases. Three major subtypes exist:
❑ Pauciarticular JRA with chronic iridocyclitis most commonly affects girls younger than age 6 and involves the knees, elbows, ankles, or iris. Inflammation of the iris and ciliary body is typically asymptomatic, but may produce pain, redness, blurred vision, and photophobia. Young girls who test positive for antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are at highest risk for eye complications.
❑ Pauciarticular JRA with sacroiliitis usually affects boys (9:1) older than age 8, who tend to be human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27–positive. This subtype is characterized by lower-extremity arthritis that produces hip, sacroiliac, heel, and foot pain and Achilles tendinitis. These patients may later develop the sacroiliac and lumbar arthritis characteristic of ankylosing spondylitis. Some patients also experience acute iritis, but not as many as those with the first subtype.
❑ The third subtype includes patients with joint involvement who test negative for ANAs and HLA-B27 and who don’t develop iritis. Characterized by asymmetrical involvement of large or small joints, this subtype can strike at any age during childhood. These patients have a better prognosis than those with the first or second subtype, although some may progress to polyarticular disease.
Common to all types of JRA is joint stiffness in the morning or after periods of inactivity. Growth disturbances may also occur, resulting in overgrowth or undergrowth adjacent to inflamed joints.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Rheumatoid arthritis:
Signs and symptoms
(Handbook of Diseases)
RA usually develops insidiously and initially produces nonspecific signs and symptoms. These include fatigue, malaise, anorexia, persistent low-grade fever, weight loss, lymphadenopathy, and vague articular symptoms.
Specific symptoms
As the disease progresses, more specific localized articular symptoms develop, commonly in the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal (PIP), metacarpophalangeal (MCP), and metatarsophalangeal joints. These symptoms usually occur bilaterally and symmetrically and may extend to the wrists, knees, elbows, and ankles.
The affected joints stiffen after inactivity, especially on rising in the morning. The fingers may assume a spindle shape from marked edema and congestion in the joints. The joints become tender and painful, at first only when the patient moves them, but eventually even at rest. They often feel hot to the touch. Ultimately, joint function is diminished. Deformities are common if active disease continues.
PIP joints may develop flexion deformities or become hyperextended. MCP joints may swell dorsally, and volar subluxation and stretching of tendons may pull the fingers to the ulnar side (“ulnar drift”).
The fingers may become fixed in a characteristic swan-neck or boutonnière deformity. The hands appear foreshortened and, the wrists boggy; carpal tunnel syndrome from synovial pressure on the median nerve causes paresthesia in the fingers.
CLINICAL TIP: Early intervention, under the guidance of an occupational therapist, with splinting and joint protection devices can effectively delay the progression of joint deformities.
Extra-articular signs
The most common extra-articular finding is the gradual appearance of rheumatoid nodules — subcutaneous, round or oval, nontender masses. These are seen in 20% of RA patients who are RF-positive. They usually appear on pressure areas, such as the elbows, hands, and Achilles tendon.
Vasculitis can lead to skin lesions, leg ulcers, and multiple systemic complications. Peripheral neuropathy may produce numbness or tingling in the feet or weakness and loss of sensation in the fingers. Stiff, weak, or painful muscles are common.
Other common extra-articular effects include pericarditis, pulmonary nodules or fibrosis, pleuritis, scleritis, and episcleritis.
Other complications
Another complication is destruction of the odontoid process, which is part of the second cervical vertebra. With C1 or C2 instability and subluxation, spinal cord compression may occur, particularly in patients with long-standing deforming RA. Upper-motor-neuron signs and symptoms, such as a positive Babinski’s sign and muscle weakness, may also develop.
RA can also cause temporomandibular joint disease, which impairs chewing and causes earaches. Other extra-articular findings include infection, osteoporosis, myositis, cardiopulmonary lesions, lymphadenopathy, and peripheral neuritis.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Medical articles and books on symptoms:
These general reference articles may be of interest
in relation to medical signs and symptoms of disease in general:
Full list of premium articles on symptoms and diagnosis
About signs and symptoms of Infectious arthritis:
The symptom information on this page
attempts to provide a list of some possible signs and symptoms of Infectious arthritis.
This signs and symptoms information for Infectious arthritis has been gathered from various sources,
may not be fully accurate,
and may not be the full list of Infectious arthritis signs or Infectious arthritis symptoms.
Furthermore, signs and symptoms of Infectious arthritis may vary on an individual basis for each patient.
Only your doctor can provide adequate diagnosis of any signs or symptoms and whether they
are indeed Infectious arthritis symptoms.
Conventional medical treatments for arthritis have come a long way in recent years. But many people suffering from arthritis pain have found...
Conventional medical treatments for arthritis have come a long way in recent years. But many people suffering from arthritis pain have found...
Conventional medical treatments for arthritis have come a long way in recent years. But many people suffering from arthritis pain have found...
In this segment, Dr. Allan Gibofsky answers viewer you questions about arthritis. Is there a connection between arthritis and fibromyalgia?
See full list of 11 related videos
» Next page: Diagnostic Tests for Infectious arthritis
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