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Diseases » Japanese encephalitis » Treatments
 

Treatments for Japanese encephalitis

Treatments for Japanese encephalitis

The list of treatments mentioned in various sources for Japanese encephalitis includes the following list. Always seek professional medical advice about any treatment or change in treatment plans.

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Latest treatments for Japanese encephalitis:

The following are some of the latest treatments for Japanese encephalitis:

Discussion of treatments for Japanese encephalitis:

There is no specific therapy. Intensive supportive therapy is indicated. (Source: excerpt from Questions and Answers About Japanese Encephalitis: DVBID)

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Book Excerpts: Treatment of Japanese encephalitis

Treatments of Japanese encephalitis: Online Medical Books

16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE! Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration, for more information about the treatments of Japanese encephalitis.

Headache: Treatment
(In a Page: Signs and Symptoms)

  • Tension-type headache: Regular exercise, stress management, tricyclic antidepressants, analgesics
  • Migraine headache: Avoid triggers; serotonin agonists (e.g., sumatriptan), NSAIDs, ergotomines
  • Temporal arteritis: High-dose corticosteroids
    • Meningitis: Search for and treat the primary source (e.g., pneumonia, sinusitis, neoplasm)
      –Urgent antimicrobial administration for infections
      –Treat inflammatory causes with steroids
  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage requires attention to airway, breathing, and circulation, and management of increased intracranial pressure (maintain normal blood pressure; hypertension may cause the aneurysm to rebleed, hypotension may cause cerebral ischemia); administer nimodipine to prevent cerebral vasospasm, seizure prophylaxis with IV phenytoin, surgery
  • Cluster headache: Oxygen inhalation for 5–10 minutes; serotonin agonists, ergotamines, and/or methysergide

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: In a Page: Signs and Symptoms, 2004

Headache: Treatment
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)

  • Explanation and reassurance alone may provide relief
  • Avoid triggers
    –Trauma, sunlight, insomnia, stress, diet, dehydration
  • Symptomatic treatment:
    –Acetominophen, NSAIDs, Midrin, Fioricet, Fiorinal
    –Selective serotonin-1 receptor agonists
    –Dihydroergotamine (DHE); Migranal nasal spray
    –Antiemetics
  • Prophylaxis
    –NSAIDs, β-blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, cyproheptadine, calcium channel blockers, antiepileptic drugs, biofeedback
    • Cluster headaches
      –Treated with inhalation of oxygen; sumatriptan
    • Pseudotumor
      –Weight reduction, Diamox
      –Optic nerve sheath decompression or shunting
    >>

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007

Encephalitis: Treatment (Tx)
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

Anticonvulsants, acyclovir (if viral), glucocorticoids, mannitol, furosemide, supportive care (mild analgesics, bed rest, seizure precautions)

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005

Headache: Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

Depending on the type of headache, analgesics — ranging from aspirin to codeine or meperidine — may provide symptomatic relief. Other measures include identification and elimination of causative factors and, possibly, psychotherapy for headaches caused by emotional stress. Chronic tension headaches may also require muscle relaxants.

For migraine headaches, ergotamine alone or with caffeine may be an effective treatment. The Food and Drug Administration allows labeling of various analgesic preparations that include caffeine to state that they’re for the treatment of migraine headaches. Remember that these medications can’t be taken by pregnant women because they stimulate uterine contractions. These drugs and others, such as metoclopramide or naproxen, work best when taken early in the course of an attack. If nausea and vomiting make oral administration impossible, drugs may be given as rectal suppositories.

Drugs in the class of sumatriptan are considered by many clinicians to be the drug of choice for acute migraine attacks or cluster headaches. Drugs that can help prevent migraine headaches include antidepressants (such as nortriptyline or fluoxetine), beta blockers (propranolol), and calcium-channel blockers (verapamil). Corticosteroids provide short-term relief for some patients with cluster headaches.

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005

West Nile encephalitis: Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

There is no specific therapy utilized to treat West Nile encephalitis and no known cure. Treatment is generally aimed at controlling the specific symptoms. Supportive care, such as I.V. fluids, fever control, and respiratory support, is rendered when necessary.

There is no vaccine present to prevent the transmission of West Nile encephalitis. Research trials are underway to determine if ribavirin, an antiviral drug, may be helpful.

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005

Encephalitis: Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)

The antiviral agent acyclovir is effective only against herpes encephalitis. Treatment of all other forms of encephalitis is entirely supportive.

Drug therapy includes phenytoin or another anticonvulsant, usually given I.V.; glucocorticoids to reduce cerebral inflammation and edema; furosemide or mannitol to reduce cerebral swelling; sedatives for restlessness; and aspirin or acetaminophen to relieve headache and reduce fever.

Other supportive measures include adequate fluid and electrolyte intake to prevent dehydration and antibiotics for an associated infection such as pneumonia. Isolation is unnecessary.

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003

Headache: Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)

Depending on the type of headache, treatment interventions range from relaxation techniques, massage, and biofeedback to pharmacologic agents. Tricyclic antidepressants, beta-adrenergic blockers, and anticonvulsants may be prescribed for headache prevention; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), combination NSAIDs with caffeine, ergotamines, and dopamine antagonists  may be used for abortive measures. Narcotic agents are generally avoided or may be limited to twice weekly.

Abortive therapy using the synthetic form of serotonin (sumatriptan) is available in an oral form and as a nasal spray and can easily be carried for immediate use.

Other measures include identification and elimination of causative factors, stressors, or stimuli that might trigger an attack such as in the migraine-type headache. Diet history and examination of lifestyle patterns may help identify causative agents.

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003

West Nile encephalitis: Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)

No specific therapy is used to treat West Nile encephalitis, and no known cure exists. Treatment is generally aimed at controlling the specific symptoms. Supportive care, such as intravenous fluids, fever control, and respiratory support, is rendered when necessary.

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003

Headache: Patient counseling
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)

Teach the patient and his family or caregiver how to recognize signs of reduced LOC and seizures. Discuss ways to maintain a safe, quiet environment and reduce environmental stress, if indicated. Discuss the use of analgesics to ease the headache.

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007

Headache: Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)

▪ Monitor the patient's vital signs and LOC.

▪ Watch for a change in the headache's severity or location.

▪ To help ease the headache, administer an analgesic, darken the patient's room, and minimize other stimuli.

▪ Prepare the patient for diagnostic tests, such as skull X-rays, a computed to-mography scan, lumbar puncture, or cerebral arteriography.

Patient teaching

▪ Explain all procedures and treatments to the patient.

▪ Discuss the signs of reduced LOC and seizures that the patient or his caregivers should report.

▪ Explain ways to maintain a safe, quiet environment and reduce environmental stress.

▪ Discuss the proper use of analgesics.

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007



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