Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). This means that Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, or a subtype of Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, affects less than 200,000 people in the US population.
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In about half the cases of epilepsy, the cause is unknown. However, some possible causes of epilepsy include:
❑birth trauma (inadequate oxygen supply to the brain, blood incompatibility, or hemorrhage)
❑perinatal infection
❑anoxia (after respiratory or cardiac arrest)
❑infectious diseases (meningitis, encephalitis, or brain abscess)
❑ingestion of toxins (mercury, lead, or carbon monoxide)
❑tumors of the brain
❑inherited disorders or degenerative disease, such as phenylketonuria or tuberous sclerosis
❑head injury or trauma
❑metabolic disorders, such as hypoglycemia or hypoparathyroidism
❑stroke (hemorrhage, thrombosis, or embolism).
Alcohol withdrawal can cause nonep-ileptic seizures.
Epilepsy affects 1% to 2% of the population. However, 80% of patients have good seizure control if they strictly adhere to the prescribed treatment regimen.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
The term 'prevalence' of Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy usually refers to the estimated population of people who are managing Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy at any given time. The term 'incidence' of Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy refers to the annual diagnosis rate, or the number of new cases of Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy diagnosed each year. Hence, these two statistics types can differ: a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence, but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence. For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.
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