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Diseases » Kidney failure » Causes

Causes of Kidney failure



Contents

List of causes of Kidney failure

Following is a list of causes or underlying conditions (see also Misdiagnosis of underlying causes of Kidney failure) that could possibly cause Kidney failure includes:

More causes: see full list of causes for Kidney failure

Causes of Kidney failure (Diseases Database):

The follow list shows some of the possible medical causes of Kidney failure that are listed by the Diseases Database:

Source: Diseases Database

Causes of Kidney failure: Online Medical Books

16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE! Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration, for more information about the causes of Kidney failure.

Polycystic kidney disease: Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

While both types of polycystic kidney disease are genetically transmitted, the incidence in two distinct age groups and different inheritance patterns suggest two unrelated disorders. The infantile type appears to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, whereas the adult type seems to be an autosomal dominant trait. The gene has been located on chromosome 6, supporting the premise that this is a single genetic disease with variable phenotype presentation.

Polycystic kidney disease reportedly affects 1 in every 1,000 Americans; yet that number may be even higher because some cases from patients who aren’t symptomatic go unreported. Both types of polycystic kidney disease affect males and females equally.

READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Chronic renal failure: Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

Diabetes and hypertension are the primary causes of chronic renal failure, accounting for two-thirds of cases. Other causes of chronic renal failure include:

❑ chronic glomerular disease such as glomerulonephritis

❑ chronic infections, such as chronic pyelonephritis or tuberculosis

❑ congenital anomalies such as polycystic kidneys

❑ vascular diseases such as renal nephrosclerosis

❑ obstructive processes such as calculi

❑ collagen diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus

❑ nephrotoxic agents such as long-term aminoglycoside therapy.

These conditions gradually destroy the nephrons and eventually cause irreversible renal failure. Similarly, acute renal failure that fails to respond to treatment becomes chronic renal failure.

This syndrome may progress through the following stages:

❑ reduced renal reserve (creatinine clearance glomerular filtration rate [GFR] is 40 to 70 ml/minute)

❑ renal insufficiency (GFR 20 to 40 ml/ minute)

❑ renal failure (GFR 10 to 20 ml/minute)

❑ end-stage renal disease (GFR less than 10 ml/minute).

Chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease affect about 2 out of 1,000 people in the United States.

READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Polycystic kidney disease: Causes
(Handbook of Diseases)

Although both types of polycystic kidney disease are genetically transmitted, the incidence in two distinct age-groups and different inheritance patterns suggest two unrelated disorders. The infantile type appears to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait; the adult type, as an autosomal dominant trait. Both types affect males and females equally.

READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Renal failure, acute: Causes
(Handbook of Diseases)

Acute renal failure can be classified as prerenal, intrinsic (or parenchymatous), or postrenal.

Prerenal failure

Diminished blood flow to the kidneys causes prerenal failure. Such decreased flow may result from hypovolemia, shock, embolism, blood loss, sepsis, pooling of fluid in ascites or burns, or a cardiovascular disorder, such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and tamponade. Other causes include disorders of the blood, such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, transfusion reactions, and other hemolytic disorders; malignant hypertension; and disorders resulting from childbirth-like bleeding (associated with placental abruption or placenta previa) that can damage the kidneys. Autoimmune disorders, such as scleroderma, can also cause acute renal failure.

Intrinsic renal failure

Parenchymatous, or intrinsic, renal failure results from damage to the kidneys themselves, usually resulting from acute tubular necrosis. Such damage may also result from acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa, vasculitis, sickle cell disease, bilateral renal vein thrombosis, nephrotoxins, ischemia, renal myeloma, and acute pyelonephritis.

Postrenal failure

Bilateral obstruction of urine outflow results in postrenal failure. Possible causes include renal calculi, clots, papillae from papillary necrosis, tumors, benign prostatic hyperplasia, strictures, and urethral edema from catheterization.

READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Renal failure, chronic: Causes
(Handbook of Diseases)

Chronic renal failure may result from:

❑ chronic glomerular disease such as glomerulonephritis

❑ chronic infection, such as chronic pyelonephritis or tuberculosis

❑ a congenital anomaly such as polycystic kidneys

❑ vascular disease, such as renal nephrosclerosis or hypertension

❑ an obstructive process such as calculi

❑ collagen disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus

❑ nephrotoxic drug therapy such as long-term aminoglycoside therapy

❑ endocrine disease such as diabetic neuropathy.

Such conditions gradually destroy the nephrons and eventually cause irreversible renal failure. Similarly, acute renal failure that fails to respond to treatment becomes chronic renal failure.

Chronic renal failure may progress through the following stages:

❑ reduced renal reserve (glomerular filtration rate [GFR] is 40 to 70 ml/ minute)

❑ renal insufficiency (GFR is 20 to 40 ml/ minute)

❑ renal failure (GFR 10 to 20 ml/ minute)

❑ end-stage renal disease (GFR is < 10 ml/minute). >

READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Kidney failure as a complication of other conditions:

Other conditions that might have Kidney failure as a complication may, potentially, be an underlying cause of Kidney failure. Our database lists the following as having Kidney failure as a complication of that condition:

Kidney failure as a symptom:

Conditions listing Kidney failure as a symptom may also be potential underlying causes of Kidney failure. Our database lists the following as having Kidney failure as a symptom of that condition:

Medications or substances causing Kidney failure:

The following drugs, medications, substances or toxins are some of the possible causes of Kidney failure as a symptom. This list is incomplete and various other drugs or substances may cause your symptoms. Always advise your doctor of any medications or treatments you are using, including prescription, over-the-counter, supplements, herbal or alternative treatments.

See full list of 127 medications causing Kidney failure


Drug interactions causing Kidney failure:

When combined, certain drugs, medications, substances or toxins may react causing Kidney failure as a symptom.

The list below is incomplete and various other drugs or substances may cause your symptoms. Always advise your doctor of any medications or treatments you are using, including prescription, over-the-counter, supplements, herbal or alternative treatments.

  • Fenofibrate and statin cholesterol-lowering drug interaction
  • Lofibra and statin cholesterol-lowering drug interaction
  • Tricor and statin cholesterol-lowering drug interaction
  • Fenofibrate and atorvastatin interaction
  • Lofibra and atorvastatin interaction

See full list of 383 drug interactions causing Kidney failure

Medical news summaries relating to Kidney failure:

The following medical news items are relevant to causes of Kidney failure:

Cause statistics for Kidney failure:

The following are statistics from various sources about the causes of Kidney failure:

  • Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in the USA (Kidney and Urology Foundation of America)
  • High blood pressure is the second leading cause of kidney failure in the USA (Kidney and Urology Foundation of America)
  • 138,483 under treatment for ESRD resulting from diabetes in the USA 2001 (United States Renal Data System 2003 Annual Data Report, 2003)
  • 91,636 under treatment for ESRD resulting from hypertension in the USA 2001 (United States Renal Data System 2003 Annual Data Report, 2003)
  • 60,888 under treatment for ESRD resulting from glomerulonephritis in the USA 2001 (United States Renal Data System 2003 Annual Data Report, 2003)
  • 17,112 under treatment for ESRD resulting from cystic kidney disease in the USA 2001 (United States Renal Data System 2003 Annual Data Report, 2003)
  • 16% of new cases of end-stage renal disease were due to hypertension in Australia 2002 (McDonald & Russ, 2003, Australia’s Health 2004, AIHW)
  • 26% of new cases of end-stage renal disease were due to diabetic nephropathy in Australia 2002 (McDonald & Russ, 2003, Australia’s Health 2004, AIHW)
  • 268 new cases of end-stage renal disease per 1,000 population have diabetic nephropathy as a causal factor in Australia 2001 (Australia’s Health 2004, AIHW)
  • 27% of new cases of end-stage renal disease were due to glomerulonephritis in Australia 2002 (McDonald & Russ, 2003, Australia’s Health 2004, AIHW)
  • 6% of new cases of end-stage renal disease were due to polycystic kidney disease in Australia 2002 (McDonald & Russ, 2003, Australia’s Health 2004, AIHW)
  • 15% of deaths from diabetes also had renal failure as an associated cause of death in Australia, 2002 (Australia’s Health 2004, AIHW)
  • Nearly 0.1% of diabetic adults attending specialist diabetes services suffered end-stage renal disease in Australia 2002 (Australia’s Health 2004, AIHW)
  • 41,312 new cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from diabetes in the US 2001 (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 44% of new cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from diabetes in the US (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 24,942 new cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from hypertension in the US 2001 (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 27% of new cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from hypertension in the US (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 7,687 new cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from glomerulonephritis in the US 2001 (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 8% of new cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from glomerulonephritis in the US (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 2,143 new cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from cystic kidney in the US 2001 (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 2% of new cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from cystic kidney diabetes in the US (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 138,483 cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from diabetes in the US 2001 (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 35% of cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from diabetes in the US (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 91,636 cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from hypertension in the US 2001 (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 23% of cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from hypertension in the US (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 60,888 cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from glomerulonephritis in the US 2001 (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 15.5% of cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from glomerulonephritis in the US (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 17,112 cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from cystic kidney in the US 2001 (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)
  • 4% of cases of end-stage renal disease resulted from cystic kidney diabetes in the US (United States Renal Data System, 2003, NIDDK)

Related information on causes of Kidney failure:

As with all medical conditions, there may be many causal factors. Further relevant information on causes of Kidney failure may be found in:


 » Next page: Risk Factors for Kidney failure

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