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The aim of treatment is to provide sufficient proteins, calories, and other nutrients for nutritional rehabilitation and maintenance. When treating severe PCM, restoring fluid and electrolyte balance parentally is the initial concern. A patient who shows normal absorption may receive enteral nutrition after anorexia has subsided. When possible, the preferred treatment is oral feeding. Foods are introduced slowly. Carbohydrates are given first to supply energy, and then high-quality protein foods, especially milk, and protein-calorie supplements, are given. A patient who’s unwilling or unable to eat may require supplementary feedings through a nasogastric tube or total parenteral nutrition (TPN), which is given through a central venous catheter because of its higher osmolality. Peripheral parenteral nutrition, which has a lower osmolality than TPN and can be given through a peripheral I.V. line, is an alternative to TPN, but it’s given less commonly. Accompanying infection must also be treated, preferably with antibiotics that don’t inhibit protein synthesis. Cautious realimentation is essential to prevent complications from overloading the compromised metabolic system.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
The aim of treatment is to provide sufficient proteins, calories, and other nutrients for nutritional rehabilitation and maintenance. When treating severe protein-calorie malnutrition, restoring fluid and electrolyte balance parenterally is the initial concern. A patient who shows normal absorption may receive enteral nutrition after anorexia has subsided. When possible, the preferred treatment is oral feeding of high-quality protein foods, especially milk, and protein-calorie supplements. A patient who’s unwilling or unable to eat may require supplementary feedings through a nasogastric tube or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) through a central venous catheter. Accompanying infection must also be treated, preferably with antibiotics that don’t inhibit protein synthesis. Cautious realimentation is essential to prevent complications from overloading the compromised metabolic system.
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Management of the child with severe protein-energy malnutrition is divided into 3 phases: Initial Treatment, Rehabilitation and Follow-Up.
Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008
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