Causes of Learning disabilities
Causes of Learning disabilities (Diseases Database):
The follow list shows some of the possible medical causes of Learning disabilities
that are listed by the Diseases Database:
- Floating-Harbor syndrome
- Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency
- Ceroid lipofuscinosis neuronal type 8
- Myhre syndrome
- Seitelberger's disease
- Dubowitz syndrome
- ter Haar syndrome
- Urocanate hydratase deficiency
- Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency
- I-cell disease
- Ceroid lipofuscinosis neuronal 2 late infantile
- Neural tube defects
- Glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency
- Gangliosidosis GM3
- Marinesco-Sjogren-Garland syndrome
- Orofaciodigital syndrome type 1
- CAMFAK syndrome
- Zunich neuroectodermal syndrome
- Sialidosis type 1
- Filippi syndrome
- Crome syndrome
- Alpha-mannosidase deficiency
- Mohr-Tranebjaerg syndrome
- Gerhardt syndrome
- Wieacker-Wolff syndrome
- Athabaskan brain stem dysgenesis
- Aspartoacylase deficiency
- Smith-McCort dysplasia
- Pettigrew syndrome
- Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndrome
- Grubben syndrome
- Menke disease
- Chromosome 9 trisomy syndrome
- Behr syndrome
- Arginosuccinic aciduria
- Peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency
- Oculocerebrocutaneous syndrome
- Black locks, oculocutaneous albinism, and deafness of the sensorineural type
- Familial histiocytic reticulosis
- Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy
- Recessive deafness-onychodystrophy-osteodystrophy-retardation syndrome
- Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome
- Fitzsimmons syndrome
- Trisomy X
- Cholestanol storage disease
- Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
- Bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria
- Periodic hyperlysinemia
- Cornelia de Lange syndrome
- Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome
- Molybdenum cofactor deficiency
- Mucolipidosis III
- 3-Methylglutaconic aciduria type 4
- Potocki-Shaffer syndrome
- NADH-dependent methemoglobin reductase deficiency
- Non-ketotic hyperglycinemia type 3
- Four X syndrome
- Galloway-Mowat syndrome
- Methylmalonic aciduria type 2
- Fanconi anaemia
- Noonan's syndrome
- Chromosome 6 ring syndrome
- Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome
- Martsolf syndrome
- Blepharonasofacial syndrome
- Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency
- Cockayne syndrome
- Iminodipeptiduria
- Cumming syndrome
- 49,XXXXX syndrome
- Hydrocephalus
- Lowry-Wood syndrome
- Norrie's disease
- Lowe syndrome
- Scott craniodigital syndrome
- Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 2a
- Chromosome 22 ring syndrome
- Mucolipidosis IV
- Hypochondroplasia
- Sjogren-Larsson syndrome
- Cohen syndrome
- Varadi-Papp syndrome
- 48,XXXY syndrome
- Coffin syndrome 1
- Fucosidosis
- GOMBO syndrome
- Alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome, deletion type
- Desbuquois syndrome
- Propionyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency
- Klinefelter syndrome
- Child abuse
- Carbamoylphosphate synthetase 1 deficiency disease
- Focal dermal hypoplasia
- Alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency
- Glycine decarboxylase deficiency
- Galactosialidosis
- Hyperornithinaemia-hyperammonaemia-homocitrullinuria syndrome
- Ornithine carbamyltransferase deficiency
- Ramon syndrome
- Saccharopine dehydrogenase deficiency
- Fryns-van den Berghe syndrome
- Ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal 5
- Carbonic anhydrase type 2 deficiency
- Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency
- Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
- Childhood disintegrative disorder
- Arkless-Graham syndrome
- Birth hypoxia
- Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
- Neuhauser syndrome
- Mevalonate kinase deficiency
- Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
- Fumarase deficiency
- Epidermal naevus syndrome
- Baraitser-Winter syndrome
- Lysine: alpha-ketoglutarate reductase deficiency
- Progressive encephalopathy-edema-hypsarrhythmia-optic atrophy syndrome
- Coenzyme Q10 deficiency
- Glutamate formiminotransferase deficiency
- Apert syndrome
- van der Knaap disease
- Proud syndrome
- Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome
- Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a
- Nijmegen chromosome breakage syndrome
- Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, X-linked
- Gareis-Mason syndrome
- Dibasic aminoaciduria type 2
- 47, XYY syndrome
- Chromosome 21 ring syndrome
- 3-Methylglutaconic aciduria type 1
- Shwachman-Diamond syndrome
- Arginase deficiency
- Mucopolysaccharidosis VII
- Otopalatodigital syndrome type 2
- Chromosome 12p tetrasomy syndrome
- Tyrosinaemia type 2
- Rett syndrome
- Chromosome 9 ring syndrome
- Muscle-eye-brain disease
- Sphingomyelinase deficiency
- Leprechaunism
- Langer-Giedion syndrome
- Roberts pseudothalidomide syndrome
- Hereditary orotic aciduria
- Ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal 1, infantile
- Microphthalmia-dermal aplasia-sclerocornea syndrome
- Costello syndrome
- Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen dysplasia
- Opitz-Kaveggia syndrome
- Fetal aminopterin-like syndrome
- Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) deficiency
- Bruch-de Lange syndrome
- GM1 gangliosidosis, type 2
- Aicardi's syndrome
- Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome
- Homocarnosinase deficiency
- Chromosome 9p duplication syndrome
- Yunis-Varon syndrome
- Congenital muscular dystrophy, autosomal recessive
- WAGR syndrome
- Wrinkly skin syndrome
- Fryns syndrome 2
- Intraventricular haemorrhage
- Gillespie syndrome
- Chromosome 4 ring syndrome
- Mirhosseini-Holmes-Walton syndrome
- X-linked periventricular heterotopia
- Down syndrome
- Meckel-Gruber syndrome
- Neurofibromatosis type 1
- Klinefelter variant
- Glutathione synthase deficiency
- Andermann syndrome
- Maple syrup urine disease
- Incontinentia pigmenti
- Glycerol kinase deficiency
- Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
- Akesson syndrome
- Williams syndrome
- Hartnup's disease
- Golabi-Ito-Hall syndrome
- Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome
- Gaucher's disease
- Velocardiofacial syndrome
- Atkin-Flaitz-Patil syndrome
- Sanfilippo disease
- Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome
- Glucose transporter type 1 deficiency
- Jacobsen syndrome
- Cytomegalovirus, congenital
- Marshall-Smith-Weaver syndrome
- Farber's disease
- Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 3
- Non-ketotic hyperglycinemia L protein deficiency
- Baller-Gerold syndrome
- Alexander disease
- Chromosome 8 trisomy syndrome
- Hair-brain syndrome
- Schinzel acrocallosal syndrome
- X-linked mental retardation-hypotonic facies syndrome
- Opitz trigonocephaly syndrome
- Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome
- Renpenning syndrome 1
- Sutherland-Haan syndrome
- Rutherfurd syndrome
- Opitz-Frias syndrome
- CINCA syndrome
- Turner's syndrome
- Young-Hughes syndrome
- Chromosome 7q deletion syndrome
- Chromosome 18 trisomy syndrome
- Phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency
- Giant axonal neuropathy
- Ohdo blepharophimosis syndrome
- Galactose epimerase deficiency
- Autism
- Ohtahara syndrome
- Syphilis, congenital
- Johanson-Blizzard syndrome
- Sarcosinaemia
- Salaam attacks
- Salla disease
- Lathosterolosis
- Seemanova-Lesny syndrome
- Waardenburg syndrome type 3
- Tay-Sachs disease
- Hypothyroidism, congenital
- Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata
- GM2 gangliosidosis type AB
- Joubert syndrome
- Waisman-Laxova syndrome
- Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency
- Galactosemia type 1
- Cerebrocostomandibular syndrome
- Cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency
- Bardet-Biedl syndrome
- Say-Meyer syndrome
- Walker-Warburg syndrome
- Holoprosencephaly
- Methionine malabsorption
- Chromosome 13 trisomy syndrome
- Aicardi Goutieres syndrome
- Krause-van Schooneveld-Kivlin syndrome
- Proteus syndrome
- Rud's syndrome
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth-Hoffmann syndrome, X-linked type 2
- Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome
- Methionine synthase deficiency
- Alpha thalassaemia X-linked mental retardation syndrome
- Hischsprung disease-microcephaly-mental retardation syndrome
- Arginosuccinate synthetase deficiency
- Tuberous sclerosis
- Timothy syndrome
- Coffin-Siris syndrome
- Christian syndrome 1
- Ethylmalonic encephalopathy
- Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, X-linked
- Carnosinaemia
- Bertini syndrome
- Sturge-Weber syndrome
- Miller-Dieker syndrome
- Ruvalcaba-Reichert-Smith syndrome
- Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome
- Hennekam syndrome
- Corpus callosum agenesis type 2
- MELAS
- Carbamoylphosphate synthetase deficiency
- Myotonic dystrophy
- Chylomicron retention disease
- Schwartz-Jampel-Aberfeld syndrome
- Gangliosidosis GM1, type 3
- Ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal 3, juvenile
- Smith-Magenis syndrome
- Diffuse sclerosis of Schilder
- Aminomethyltransferase deficiency
- Histidinaemia
- Adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency
- Multiple pterygium syndrome
- de Barsy syndrome
- Tricho-thiodystrophy
- Dibasic aminoaciduria type 1
- Lenz microphthalmia syndrome
- Frontometaphyseal dysplasia
- Lujan-Fryns syndrome
- Michels syndrome
- Lowry-MacLean syndrome
- Kabuki make-up syndrome
- D-glycerate kinase deficiency
- Coffin-Lowry syndrome
- Fragile X syndrome
- Osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome
- Feingold syndrome
- PPM-X syndrome
- Prader-Willi syndrome
- Schizencephaly
- Iduronate sulphatase deficiency
- Faciocardiorenal syndrome
- Xylosylprotein 4-beta-galactosyltransferase deficiency
- 6-Pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency
- 3-Methylglutaconic aciduria type 3
- Aspartylglucosaminuria
- Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency
- Mucosulfatidosis
- Kohlschutter syndrome
- Lenz-Majewski hyperostosis syndrome
- Occipital horn syndrome
- Cri du chat syndrome 5p−
- Seemanova syndrome 1
- Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy
- Gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase deficiency
- Cross-McKusick-Breen syndrome
- Congenital myotonic dystrophy
- Nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma
- Jackson-Weiss syndrome
- Sotos syndrome
- Worster-Drought syndrome
- Berardinelli lipodystrophy syndrome
- Craniofacial dysmorphism-polysyndactyly syndrome
- Blepharophimosis syndrome
- Rubella, congenital
- Chromosome 8 recombinant syndrome
- Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis
- Sulphite oxidase deficiency
- CHARGE syndrome
- Laurence-Moon syndrome
- CODAS (cerebral, ocular, dental, auricular, skeletal) syndrome
- Carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome type 1a
- Glutaric aciduria type 1
- Angelman's syndrome
- X-linked mental retardation 1
- Sanjad-Sakati syndrome
- Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome
- Dysosteosclerosis
- Dihydropteridine reductase deficiency
- Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 4
- Generalized gangliosidosis GM1
- BRESHECK syndrome
Source: Diseases Database
Learning disabilities Causes: Book Excerpts
Learning disabilities as a complication of other conditions:
Other conditions that might have
Learning disabilities as a complication may,
potentially, be an underlying cause of Learning disabilities.
Our database lists the following as having
Learning disabilities as a complication of that condition:
Learning disabilities as a symptom:
Conditions listing Learning disabilities
as a symptom may also be potential underlying causes of Learning disabilities.
Our database lists the following as having
Learning disabilities as a symptom of that condition:
- 2-Methylbutyric Aciduria
- 2-methylbutyryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency
- 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
- 47 XYY syndrome
- 47,XXX syndrome
- Absence of septum pellucidum and septo-optic dysplasia
- Arterial occlusive disease, progressive - hypertension - heart defects - bone fragility - brachysyndactyly
- Branchial arch syndrome X-linked
- Cerebral palsy, spastic, diplegic
- Chromosome 22, microdeletion 22q11
- Chromosome 22q deletion
- Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
- Chromosome 22q11.2 microduplication
- Chromosome 7 deletion p21-p22.1
- Chromosome 8, mosaic trisomy
- Chromosome 8, trisomy
- Chromosome 9 inversion or duplication
- Chromosome 9, partial trisomy 9p
- Classic childhood ALD
- Coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10), deficiency
- Coloboma uveal with cleft lip palate and mental retardation
- Coloboma, cleft lip/palate and mental retardation syndrome
- Deletion 22q11
- Deletion 5p
- Developmental delay due to 2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
- DiGeorge syndrome
- Duplication 9p partial
- Glucose transport defect, blood-brain barrier
- Inborn amino acid metabolism disorder
- Kernicterus
- Klinefelter syndrome
- Leucinosis
- Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts
- Microcephaly - oculo-digito-esophageal-duodenal syndrome (MODED)
- Mowat-Wilson syndrome
- Neurofibromatosis-2
- Neuropathy - ataxia - retinitis pigmentosa
- Neuropathy ataxia and retinis pigmentosa
- Oculodigitoesophagoduodenal syndrome
- Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, chromosome 7 p15.3p21.3
- Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, chromosome 7 p21.1p21.3
- SBCAD deficiency
- Septo-Optic Dysplasia
- Septooptic dysplasia - digital anomalies
- Shprintzen omphalocele syndrome
- Shprintzen syndorme
- Shprintzen-Golberg craniosynostosis
- Soto's Syndrome
- Spina bifida
- Subependymal nodular heterotopia
- Thyroid agenesis
- Trisomy 18 mosaicism
- Trisomy 8 mosaicism
- Tuberous sclerosis
- Tuberous sclerosis, type 1
- Turner Syndrome
- Vascular malformations of the brain
- Velocardiofacial syndrome
- Williams Syndrome
What causes Learning disabilities?
Article excerpts about the
causes of Learning disabilities:
Mental health professionals stress that since no one knows what causes
learning disabilities, it doesn't help parents to look backward to search
for possible reasons. There are too many possibilities to pin down the
cause of the disability with certainty. It is far more important for the
family to move forward in finding ways to get the fight help.
Scientists, however, do need to study causes in an effort to identify
ways to prevent learning disabilities.
Once, scientists thought that all learning disabilities were caused by
a single neurological problem. But research supported by NIMH has helped
us see that the causes are more diverse and complex. New evidence seems to
show that most learning disabilities do not stem from a single, specific
area of the brain, but from difficulties in bringing together information
from various brain regions.
Today, a leading theory is that learning disabilities stem from subtle
disturbances in brain structures and functions. Some scientists believe
that, in many cases, the disturbance begins before birth. (Source: excerpt from Learning Disabilities: NIMH)
Medical news summaries relating to Learning disabilities:
The following medical news items are relevant to causes of Learning disabilities:
Related information on causes of Learning disabilities:
As with all medical conditions,
there may be many causal factors.
Further relevant information on causes of Learning disabilities may be found in:
Causes of Learning disabilities: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about the causes of Learning disabilities.
Developmental Delay:
Principal Causes of Developmental Delay
(The Diagnostic Approach to Symptoms and Signs in Pediatrics)
- Grossmotor delay
- Cerebralpalsy
- Neuromuscular disorders
- Delayed or impaired language
- Impairedhearing
- Receptive and expressive language disorders
- Pervasive developmental disorders
- Static global delay
- Chromosomaldisturbances
- Maternal or infant undernutrition
- Maternal drug or alcohol use
- Cerebral malformation
- Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
- Intracranial hemorrhage
- Infection
- Brain tumor
- Cerebrovascular disorders
- Psychologic disturbances
- Unknown
- Progressive global delay
- Neurocutaneousdisorders
- Tuberoussclerosis
- Neurofibromatosis
- Metabolic brain disorders
- Diseasesprimarily affecting gray matter (without visceral storage)
- GM-2 gangliosidosis(Tay-Sachs disease)
- Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses
- Alpers disease
- Menkes disease
- Rett syndrome
- Diseases primarily affecting gray matter(with visceral storage)
- GM-1 gangliosidosis
- GM-2 gangliosidosis (Sandhoff disease)
- Niemann-Pick disease
- Gaucher disease
- Fucosidosis
- Sialidosis type II
- Diseases primarily affecting whitematter
- Galactosemia
- Phenylketonuria
- Maple syrup urine disease (intermediate)
- Homocystinuria
- Urea cycle defects
- Canavan disease
- Alexander disease
- Globoid leukodystrophy (Krabbe disease)
- Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
- Metachromatic leukodystrophy
- Diseases affecting both gray and whitematter
- Mucopolysaccharidoses
- Mucopolysaccharidosistype I (Hurler disease)
- Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunterdisease)
- Mucopolysaccharidosis type III (Sanfilippodisease)
- Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (Slydisease)
- Mitochondrial disorders
- Peroxisomal disorders
- Miscellaneous
- Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
- Congenital hypothyroidism
- Human immunodeficiency virus infection
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: The Diagnostic Approach to Symptoms and Signs in Pediatrics, 2006
Developmental Disabilities:
Developmental Disabilities - pathophysiology
(The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult)
- This is highly variable depending on etiology, which can include genetic, familial, metabolic, infectious, endocrinologic, traumatic, anatomic brain malformations, environmental toxins, and degenerative disorders as causes. These disorders often result in some neurologic or neuromuscular injury causing the delay. In many cases, the etiology is never determined.
- Prevalence of this group of disorders may vary depending on how inclusive the definition. The milder delays are quite common and can be found in any pediatric practice. Some disorders in this grouping are more prevalent in boys. The long-term outcome depends on the severity and type of delay, with the more involved children usually having lifelong disability.
Developmental Disabilities - etiology
Specific etiologies are too numerous to list completely but a partial list of the more common causes includes:
- Genetic/familial:
- Fragile X syndrome
- Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome)
- Other chromosomal abnormalities
- Tuberous sclerosis
- Neurofibromatosis
- Phenylketonuria
- Muscular dystrophy
- Nervous system anomalies:
- Hydrocephalus
- Lissencephaly
- Spina bifida
- Seizures
- Infections:
- Prenatal cytomegalovirus
- Rubella
- Toxoplasmosis
- HIV
- Postnatal bacterial meningitis
- Neonatal herpes simplex
- Endocrinologic:
- Congenital hypothyroidism
- Environment:
- Heavy metal poisoning such as lead
- In utero drug or alcohol exposure
- Trauma/injury:
- Closed head trauma
- Asphyxia
- Stroke
- Perinatal cerebral hemorrhages
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008
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