Diagnosis of Leukocyte Adhesion Defect
Leukocyte Adhesion Defect Diagnosis: Book Excerpts
Diagnostic Tests for Leukocyte Adhesion Defect: Online Medical Books
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Leukocytosis:
Differential Diagnosis
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
- Neutrophilia
–Increased production: Chronic infection or inflammation, tumor, drug-related, myeloproliferative disorders, chronic idiopathic neutrophilia, leukemoid reaction (Down syndrome, sepsis), chronic blood loss
–Increased release from marrow/ demargination: Corticosteroids, stress, exercise, hypoxia, endotoxin, acute infection
–Decreased removal from circulation due to splenectomy/asplenia, corticosteroids, leukocyte adhesion deficiency
–Others: Hemolysis, infarction, diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, hepatic failure, thyrotoxicosis
- Lymphocytosis
–Infection: EBV, CMV
–Heme/onc: Leukemia, neutropenia
–Endocrine: Thyrotoxicosis, Addison
- Basophilia
–Infection: Sinusitis, Varicella, smallpox
–Endocrine: Hypothyroidism, ovulation, pregnancy, stress
–Drugs
–Heme/onc: Hemolytic anemia, Hodgkin
disease, CML, polycythemia vera
–Inflammatory/collagen vascular disease
- Monocytosis
–Infection: Syphilis, tuberculosis, subacute bacterial endocarditis, malaria, typhoid fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever
–Heme/onc: Recovering marrow, hemolysis/hemolytic anemia, leukemias, Hodgkin disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, postsplenectomy, myeloproliferative disorders, congenital and acquired neutropenia, metastatic solid tumors
–Chronic inflammatory, collagen vascular
-
Eosinophilia: Can be inherited
–Allergy/asthma; parasitic infection
–Heme/onc: Hodgkin disease, leukemias, immunodeficiency, postsplenectomy, solid tumors, pernicious anemia
–Chronic inflammatory/collagen vascular/
-
Other: Rheumatoid arthritis, periarteritis nodosa, cirrhosis, Loeffler syndrome, sarcoid, dialysis
Workup and Diagnosis
-
History: Duration of leukocytosis; fever, frequent infections, cough, acute illness; symptoms associated with malignancy (malaise, lethargy, night sweats, bruising, weight loss, bone pain, epistaxis, bleeding gums, hematochezia, petechiae); known allergies/sensitivities; joint symptoms; bowel habits (diarrhea with parasites), travel; steroid use; radiation therapy; failure to thrive, delayed puberty
-
Family history: Myeloproliferative disease, hematologic malignancies, sarcoid, hepatosplenomegaly, early infant death
-
Physical exam: General appearance, growth parameters; iritis, uveitis, mucositis, allergic shiners, pharyngeal cobblestoning; rash, purpura, petechiae, ecchymoses, striae; lymph nodes; hepatomegaly, splenomegaly; thryoid exam; joint swelling, decreased range of motion
-
Labs
–CBC with differential and peripheral smear, ESR
–Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase
–Liver and renal function
–Stool hemoccult
–Specific infectious titers
–Specific autoimmune or rheumatologic tests
-
Studies (as indicated by history and physical exam)
–CXR
–Bone marrow exam
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
LEUKOCYTOSIS:
Approach to the Diagnosis
(Differential Diagnosis in Primary Care)
Because infection is the most common and often the most life-threatening cause, the history and physical are of most importance in locating a source. All suspicious body fluids should be analyzed and cultured. Urinalysis, urine culture, blood cultures and spinal fluid cultures are just a few. It is important to look at the blood smear and differential count. If the count is very high, a pathologist or hematologist should be called in without delay. An infectious disease specialist may be necessary.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Differential Diagnosis in Primary Care, 2007
LEUKOCYTOSIS:
Approach to the Diagnosis
(Differential Diagnosis in Primary Care)
Because infection is the most common and often the most
life-threatening cause, the history and physical are of most importance in
locating a source. All suspicious body fluids should be analyzed and
cultured. Urinalysis, urine culture, blood cultures, and spinal fluid
cultures are just a few. It is important to look at the blood smear and
differential count. If the count is very high, a pathologist or hematologist
should be called in without delay. An infectious disease specialist may be
necessary.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Differential Diagnosis in Primary Care, 2007
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