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Diseases » Lung conditions » Glossary

Glossary for Lung conditions

Acute Bronchitis: Respiratory inflammation of the bronchi leading to the lungs
Adult respiratory distress syndrome: Severe respiratory failure
All Disease Categories: All major disease categories
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: An allergic reaction to a particular fungus called Aspergillus.
Anthrax: A serious infectious bacterial disease that can be fatal.
Antisynthetase syndrome: A rare autoimmune disease that affects the muscles. It involves the development of antibodies to an enzyme (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase) which is involved in making proteins.
Aspergillus niger infection: A rare fungal infection that often causes a black mould to appear on some fruit and vegetables but may also infect humans through inhalation of fungal spores.
Asthma: Repeated attacks of breathing difficulty.
Breathing difficulties: Various types of breathing difficulty (dyspnea).
Bronchiectasis: Chronic bronchiole dilation from secretions and blockages.
Bronchiolitis: Inflammation of the bronchioles.
Bronchiolitis obliterans: Disease of the lungs in which the bronchioles are plugged with granulation tissue.
Bronchitis: Bronchitis is an inflammation of the air passages within the lungs. It occurs when the trachea and the large and small bronchi within the lungs become inflamed
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A rare form of infant lung disease that usually occurs as a complication of ventilator use in premature babies.
COPD: Severe obstruction of bronchial air flow typically from bronchitis and/or emphysema.
Chest conditions: Any condition affecting the chest
Chlamydia pneumoniae: Specific bacterial type of pneumonia
Chronic Bronchitis: Chronic bronchitis is a chronic inflammation of the bronchi (medium-size airways) in the lungs.
Collapsed lung: Deflation of all or part of one lung
Complete atrioventricular canal: A rare form of congenital heart disease where the there is a hole in the heart wall that separates the upper heart chambers, a hole the heart wall that separates the lower heart chambers and heart valve abnormalities (tricuspid and mitral valves). This results in excessive blood circulation in the lungs leading to congestive heart failure in untreated cases.
Coughing blood: Blood in coughed up material.
Cystic Fibrosis: Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease affecting the exocrine (mucus) glands of the lungs, liver, pancreas, and intestines, causing progressive disability due to multisystem failure.
Dermatomyositis: A muscle disease characterized by chronic muscle inflammation resulting in progressive muscle weakness and a characteristic rash.
Diffuse systemic sclerosi: A rare condition that characterized by skin tightness affecting the trunk and extremities as well as organ involvement. It involves an early period of internal inflammation which distinguishes it from other forms of scleroderma and the organ involvement can be severe and even life-threatening.
Diphtheria: Infectious bacterial respiratory disease
Drowning: Accidental loss of life due to water.
Emphysema: Emphysema is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is defined as an abnormal, permanent enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles accompanied by destruction of their walls and without obvious fibrosis.
Familial dysautonomia: An inherited biochemical disorder that primarily affects the autonomic and sensory nervous system.
Familial emphysema: A rare genetic form of emphysema caused by a deficiency of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) which results in destruction of the elastin component of the lung structure. The disorder tends to run in families (familial).
Flu: Very common viral respiratory infection.
Frozen Shoulder: Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that causes restriction of motion in the shoulder joint.
Goodpasture syndrome: A rare disease involving inflammation of membranes in the lung and kidneys.
High altitude pulmonary edema: Lung condition related to high altitude.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Lung fibrosis from unknown causes.
Interstitial lung disease: Any condition which affects the interstitium of the lungs
Lung abscess: Pus (abscess) in the lung
Lung cancer: Lung cancer is a disease of uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. This growth may lead to metastasis, which is the invasion of adjacent tissue and infiltration beyond the lungs. Most lung tumors are malignant.
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: A very rare progressive disease where an unusual type of muscle cell (smooth muscle) infiltrates the lungs which eventually obstructs the flow of air through the lungs. The cause is unknown and generally occurs in women of child bearing age.
Mesothelioma: Type of lung cancer associated with asbestos.
Mountain sickness: Illness from poor adjustment to low oxygen at altitude.
Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Lung disease mostly in premature newborns; see also adult RDS.
Osteopetrosis - renal tubular acidosis: A rare disorder where increased bone density is caused by carbonic anhydrase II deficiency.
Osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis: A rare disorder where increased bone density is caused by carbonic anhydrase II deficiency.
Parainfluenza: Milder influenza-like infection
Persistent cough: The noise produced from the sudden expulsion of air from the lungs
Pleural effusion: Fluid in the pleural spaces.
Pleurisy: Inflammation of the pleural membrane
Pneumococcal pneumonia: Lung pneumnoia from streptococcus bacteria.
Pneumoconiosis: A lung disease caused by breathing in coal dust. It often occurs in people employed in the coal industry. Generally symptoms stop once the exposure ceases.
Pneumonia: Infection of the lung by bacteria, viruses or fungus.
Pneumonitis: Inflammation of the lungs
Pneumothorax: Air in the pleural spaces around the lungs.
Primary pulmonary hypertension: Primary pulmonary hypertension refers to high blood pressure in the arteries that carry blood to the lungs for no apparent reason. Blood pressure in other parts of the body is normal or sometimes even low.
Pulmonary Anthrax: Inhaled lung anthrax, most severe form of anthrax.
Pulmonary edema: Severe condition of excess fluid in the lungs.
Pulmonary embolism: Blocked lung blood vessel often from a blood clot.
Pulmonary fibrosis: A scarring condition that affects the lungs
Pulmonary hypertension: Pulmonary hypertension refers to high blood pressure in the blood vessels that carry blood to the lungs. Blood pressure in other parts of the body is normal or sometimes even low. The condition may be caused by such things as lung conditions (e.g. emphysema, chronic bronchitis), heart conditions (e.g. congestive heart failure, birth defects involving heart), AIDS or medications such as fenfluramine (a diet drug). Sometimes it occurs for no apparent reason and is called primary pulmonary hypertension.
Respiratory conditions: Any condition that affects the respiratory system
Respiratory diphtheria: Lung infection from Diphtheria
Respiratory failure: Failure of the respiratory system
Respiratory infections: Any infection that occurs to the respiratory system
Respiratory syncytial virus: Viral respiratory infection serious in young infants.
Sarcoidosis: Rare autoimmune disease usually affecting the lungs.
Shortness of breath: The feeling of being short of breath
Silicosis: An occupation lung disease caused by breathing in silica dust.
Stridor: A harsh high pitched breath sound
Suffocation: A state of asphyxiation that results in the arrest of respiration
Tuberculosis: Bacterial infection causing nodules forming, most commonly in the lung.
Wheezing: A whistling like continuous sound that is caused by the respiratory system