Treatments for Lung conditions
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Lung abscess:
Treatment (Tx)
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Antibiotics, oxygen therapy, supportive care (I.V. fluids, aspiration precautions [sitting in semi-Fowler’s position], frequent suctioning)
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Lung cancer:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Recent treatment, which consists of combinations of surgery, radiation, and chemo-therapy, may improve the prognosis and prolong survival. Nevertheless, because treatment usually begins at an advanced stage, it's largely palliative.
Surgery is the primary treatment for stage I, stage II, or selected stage III squamous cell cancer; adenocarcinoma; and large cell carcinoma, unless the tumor is nonresectable or other conditions rule out surgery.
Surgery may include partial removal of a lung (wedge resection, segmental resection, lobectomy, or radical lobectomy) or total removal (pneumonectomy or radical pneumonectomy).
Preoperative radiation therapy may reduce tumor bulk to allow for surgical resection. Preradiation chemotherapy helps improve response rates. Radiation therapy is ordinarily recommended for stage I and stage II lesions, if surgery is contraindicated, and for stage III lesions when the disease is confined to the involved hemithorax and the ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph nodes.
Generally, radiation therapy is delayed until one month after surgery, to allow the wound to heal, and is then directed to the part of the chest most likely to develop metastasis. High-dose radiation therapy or radiation implants may also be used.
Research has shown that chemotherapy combinations of paclitaxel, gemcitabine, docetaxel, irinotecan, and vinorelbine are more active and better tolerated when combined with cisplatin or carboplatin. Many of these drugs are also being utilized as single agents for the treatment of small-cell and non–small-cell lung cancers.
In laser therapy, laser energy is directed through a bronchoscope to destroy local tumors.
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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Lung abscess:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
Antibiotic therapy may last for months until radiographic resolution or definite stability occurs. Symptoms usually disappear in a few weeks. Postural drainage may facilitate discharge of necrotic material into upper airways, where expectoration is possible; oxygen therapy may relieve hypoxemia. A poor response to therapy requires resection of the lesion or removal of the diseased section of the lung. All patients need rigorous follow-up and serial chest X-rays.
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Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Lung cancer:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
Various combinations of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy may improve the prognosis and prolong survival. Nevertheless, because treatment usually begins at an advanced stage, it’s largely palliative.
Surgery
Unless the tumor is nonresectable or other conditions rule out surgery, excision is the primary treatment for stage I, stage II, or selected stage III squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Surgery may include partial removal of a lung (wedge resection, segmental resection, lobectomy, radical lobectomy) or total removal (pneumonectomy, radical pneumonectomy).
Radiation
Preoperative radiation therapy may reduce tumor bulk to allow for surgical resection. Preradiation chemotherapy helps improve response rates. Radiation therapy is ordinarily recommended for stage I and stage II lesions, if surgery is contraindicated, and for stage III lesions when the disease is confined to the involved hemithorax and the ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph nodes.
Generally, radiation therapy is delayed until 1 month after surgery, to allow the wound to heal, and is then directed to the part of the chest most likely to develop metastasis. High-dose radiation therapy or radiation implants may also be used.
Chemotherapy
Another treatment is chemotherapy, including combinations of drugs, which produce a response rate of about 40%, but have a minimal effect on overall survival. Promising combinations for treating small cell carcinomas include cyclophosphamide with doxorubicin and vincristine; cyclophosphamide with doxorubicin, vincristine, and etoposide; and etoposide with cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin.
Laser therapy
Some patients may undergo laser therapy, which involves direction of laser energy through a bronchoscope to destroy local tumors.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
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