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Patient history and typical clinical features suggest menopause. A Papanicolaou (Pap) test may show the influence of estrogen deficiency on vaginal mucosa. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) may be performed, but because of the expense involved, it isn’t necessary to confirm a diagnosis of menopause. If done, RIA shows the following blood hormone levels:
❑ estrogen: 0 to 14 ng/dl
❑ plasma estradiol: 15 to 40 pg/ml
❑ estrone: 25 to 50 pg/ml.
RIA also shows the following urine values:
❑ estrogen: 6 to 28 µg/24 hours
❑ pregnanediol (urinary secretion of progesterone): 0.3 to 0.9 mg/24 hours.
Follicle-stimulating hormone production may increase as much as 15 times its normal level; luteinizing hormone production, as much as 5 times.
Pelvic examination, endometrial biopsy, and dilatation and curettage may rule out organic disease in patients with abnormal menstrual bleeding.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
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