... Many deformities of the chest may be observed on inspection of the patient and provide a clue to lung or systemic disease. Scoliosis may be a clue to syringomyelia, old poliomyelitis, muscular dystrophy, and Friedreich's ataxia. The "rachitic rosary" seen in... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
... READ EXCERPTS »
... This is often a congenital effusion or backward curvature of the spine causing the person to appear "high and mighty." However, it may be seen in untreated bilateral congenital dislocation of the hips, muscular dystrophy, tuberculosis, and spondylolisthesis. Lordosis is also seen
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Is there a history of trauma? Patients with scoliosis and a history of trauma should be suspected of having a thoracic or lumbosacral sprain, fracture, or herniated disk.
Is the neurologic examination abnormal? Abnormal ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Scoliosis is a curve of the spine in the coronal plane (i.e., lateral curve) that is often associated with a rotational deformity as well. Kyphosis is an alteration in normal spinal curvature in the sagittal plane, and it refers to a curve with an anterior concavity. Normally, some degree... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Idiopathic scoliosis often does not progress enough to require treatment and observation is sufficient. Painful scoliosis is a serious complaint, as an underlying condition may be the nidus of the curvature. Surgery is performed to fuse progressive curves greater... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
With asymmetry of body parts, it can be difficult to differentiate whether one side is hypertrophic or the other side is atrophic. One of the most common asymmetries seen in children is leg-length discrepancy. Growth disturbances around the knee have a substantial effect on leg... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Marfan syndrome is a rare, inherited, degenerative, generalized disease of the connective tissue that causes ocular, skeletal, and cardiovascular anomalies. It probably results from elastin and collagen abnormalities. Death is usually attributed to cardiovascular... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine that may occur in the thoracic, lumbar, or thoracolumbar spinal segment. The curve may be convex to the right (more common in thoracic curves) or to the left (more common in lumbar curves). Rotation of the... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Increased salivation is an uncommon symptom that can result from a GI disorder, especially of the mouth. It also accompanies certain systemic disorders and may result from the use of certain drugs or from exposure to toxins. Saliva may also accumulate because of... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Scoliosis, a lateral curvature of the spine, may be found in the thoracic, lumbar, or thoracolumbar spinal segment. The curve may be convex to the right (more common in thoracic curves) or to the left (more common in lumbar curves). Rotation of the vertebral column around its axis occurs... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Increased salivation (also known as polysialia or ptyalism) is an uncommon symptom that can result from a GI disorder, especially of the mouth. It also accompanies certain systemic disorders and may result from the use of certain drugs or from... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
This condition is often congenital and idiopathic, but it is seen in
untreated bilateral congenital dislocation of the hips and muscular
dystrophy. It is also seen due to the forward slipping of the 5th
lumbar vertebra in spondylolisthesis.
An x
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
The many causes of this deformity of the spine can be recalled by
applying the mnemonic MINTS.
M—Malformation prompts the recall of osteogenesis imperfecta,
congenital hemivertebra, Marfan syndrome, and arthrogryposis. It
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Author:
Sarika Joshi, MD
What to Do - Gather Appropriate Data
There is a need to treat the multiple causes of ACS.
ACS is a common complication and reason for hospital admission in
children with sickle cell disease (SCD). It is also... Suggested Readings
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Author:
Sonya Burroughs, MD
What to Do - Gather Appropriate Data
Preparticipation sports screening is an essential yet difficult tool used for
athletic clearance. This purpose of the screening is to identify those at risk
for sudden cardiac... Suggested Readings ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Author:
Madan Dharmar, MD
What to Do - Make a Decision
CPT in pediatric respiratory diseases has been used to assist in the clearance of tracheobronchial secretions. The main goal is to clear the airway
obstruction, open collapsed airways, reduce airway... Suggested Readings
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Author:
Elizabeth Wells, MD
What to Do - Interpret the Data,
Make a Decision
When to Screen
Scoliosismaybecongenital,neuromuscular,degenerative,oridiopathic.The
spine should be examined in all pediatric... How to Screen ... Treatment ... Consequences of Missing Scoliosis ... Do Not Miss Other Conditions Presenting
with Scoliosis ... Suggested Readings
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Author:
Michael Clemmens, MD
What to Do - Interpret the Data
Perform a thorough physical exam and consider radiographs of both the area
in question, as well as those areas proximal and distal.
Lower extremity pain may be a sign of significant... Suggested Readings ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Julie A. Boom, MD Teething - BASICS Teething - description Teething is the normal developmental process of primary tooth eruption, often characterized by parental reports of fever, fussiness, increased drooling, increased finger sucking,... Teething - DIAGNOSIS ... Teething - TREATMENT ... Teething - FOLLOW UP ... Teething - bibliography ... Teething - CODES ... Teething - PATIENT TEACHING-MED ... Teething - FAQ
... READ EXCERPTS »
Heart trouble may sound like a click away if you have mitral valve prolapse (MVP). But this common misfiring in the heart is seldom serious. Learn...
Alzheimer's disease is a common, but often misunderstood condition. Forgetfulness is just one small symptom of a larger, more complicated disease...
Whenever you go to a hospital or clinic for a major procedure or diagnostic test, one of the many forms you are given to sign is an "informed...
Stress takes its toll by making us anxious, depressed and not able to function as fully as we'd like. What many don't know is that stress can...