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Is there a history of drug ingestion or injection? This will help diagnose drug reactions and serum sickness, which are common and easily discovered in the history. Patients with glucose-6-phosphate ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Is there a history of drug ingestion or injection? Of course, the history should reveal that the patient has been on a certain drug or has received certain antitoxins, serums, or vaccines.
Is there a rash? If there is a rash ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Fever is defined as an elevation of normal body temperature (37°C, or 98.6°F). True fever occurs when the body adopts a new thermoregulatory “set point” secondary to the release of pyrogenic cytokines in response to bacteria, viruses, or other... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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The etiologies of rash with fever are vast, but a systematic approach will help the clinician quickly narrow the differential. Patients who appear “toxic” with fever and prostration must be rapidly and thoroughly evaluated to rule out life-threatening infections and illnesses.... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Fever is an elevation of body temperature over the normal daily range for a specific individual in response to different insults. It occurs when the thermoregulatory center in the hypothalamus is reset to higher temperature because of exogenous and endogenous pyrogens. It should... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Cyclic or periodic fever is an unexplained fever that recurs after fever-free periods at almost predictably fixed intervals. True cyclic fever is rather uncommon in childhood; it should be differentiated from recurrent fever, which refers to fever prone to... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Recurrent or relapsing fever is a cluster of febrile episodes that occur over a period of time, with documented fever-free intervals and without an apparent medical cause for each episode. It should be differentiated from cyclic fever, which refers to febrile episodes... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a term that is often misused to describe febrile illness without an obvious etiology or without other symptoms. The definition in different studies is arbitrary, but basically refers to at least 2 weeks of daily documented fever... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... The differential diagnosis of fever is best developed using physiology first and anatomy second.
FEVER, NONINFECTIOUS CAUSES
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...Pyrexia
A fever is a common sign that can arise from many disorders. Because these disorders can affect virtually any body system, a fever in the absence of other signs usually has little diagnostic significance. A persistent high fever, though, represents an... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Infections
Bacterial
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Salmonella spp.
Haemophilus influenzae
Staphylococcus aureus
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... Infection
Bacterial
Bacterial endocarditis
Sinusitis
Osteomyelitis
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... Infectious mononucleosis is an acute infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a member of the herpes group. It primarily affects young adults and children, although in children it's usually so mild that it's generally overlooked... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Colorado tick fever is a benign infection caused by the Colorado tick fever arbo-virus and transmitted to humans by a tick. It occurs in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States, mostly in April and May at lower altitudes and in June and July at higher altitudes. Because of... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Lassa fever is an epidemic hemorrhagic fever caused by the Lassa virus, an extremely virulent arenavirus. This highly fatal disorder kills 10% to 50% of its victims, but those who survive its early stages usually recover and acquire immunity to secondary attacks.
... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... An acute infectious disease caused by spirochetes of the genus Borrelia, relapsing fever (also called tick, fowl-nest, cabin, or vagabond fever or bilious typhoid) is transmitted to humans by lice or ticks and is characterized by relapses... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Acute rheumatic fever is a systemic inflammatory disease of childhood, in many cases recurrent, that follows a group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection. Rheumatic heart disease refers to the cardiac manifestations of rheumatic fever and... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a febrile, rash-producing illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii. The disease is transmitted to humans by a tick bite.
RMSF is fatal in about 5% of patients. Mortality rises... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Fever is a common sign that can arise from numerous disorders. Because these disorders can affect virtually any body system, fever in the absence of other signs usually has little diagnostic significance. A persistent high fever, though, represents an emergency.
Fever... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Lyle J. Fagnan
Fever is a physiologic state in which the body temperature is elevated above the individual’s normal temperature. Patients and clinicians consider fever an important sign of illness.
Approach to the febrile ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing. ... Diagnostic assessment. ... Pictures
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... Michael L. O’Dell
Fever with an accompanying rash represents a diagnostic challenge for even the most experienced of clinicians, as this combination of signs can represent trivial or life-threatening illnesses.
Approach A useful... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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... Differential Overview
Infection
❑ HIV
❑ Tuberculosis
❑ Endocarditis
❑ Osteomyelitis ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... Often recurrent, acute rheumatic fever is a systemic inflammatory disease of childhood that follows a group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection. Rheumatic heart disease refers to the cardiac manifestations of rheumatic fever,... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Fever is a common sign that can arise from any one of several disorders. Because these disorders can affect virtually any body system, fever in the absence of other signs usually has little diagnostic significance. A persistent high fever,... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Fever, or pyrexia, is a common sign that can arise from any one of several disorders. Because these disorders can affect virtually any body system, fever in the absence of other signs usually has little diagnostic significance. A persistent high fever, though,... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Occurs whenpathologic process causes body temperature to exceed normal range. DuBois suggested that usual range ofnormal body temperature is 97–100.4°F (36.2–38.0°C)rectal or 96.8–99.3°F (36.0–37.4°C)oral. Rectal temperature tends to be 0.5–1.0... Principal Causes of Acute Fever ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis: Acute Fever ... Diagnostic Approach: Acute Fever ... Principal Causes of Fever of Unknown Origin ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis: Fever of Unknown Origin ... Diagnostic Approach: Fever of Unknown Origin ... References
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... A fever is a common sign that can arise from many disorders. Because these disorders can affect virtually any body system, a fever in the absence of other signs usually has little diagnostic significance. A persistent high fever, though, represents an emergency.
A fever can be... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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The differential diagnosis of fever is best developed using
physiology first and anatomy second.
Physiology. Increased heat in the body is caused by increased
production or decreased elimination or dysfunction of the thermoregulatory
system in... Pictures
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... Samir S. Shah
Approach to the Patient with Fever
I. Definition of the Complaint
The complaint of fever accounts for a large portion of ambulatory pediatric
visits. Although ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
An 18-month-old girl presented with a 1-day history of fever to 38.0°C and cough. While in the examination room, she had tonic flexion of her upper
extremities and eye deviation to the left. This episode ... Pictures
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... I. History of Present Illness
A 7-month-old Japanese girl developed fever to 38.9°C associated with cough, rhinorrhea, and loose stools. Over the next few days,
the respiratory symptoms and diarrhea resolved, but ... Pictures
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... Author:
Cynthia Gibson, MD
What to Do - Interpret the Data
Evaluation and treatment of a neonate for possible bacterial infection and
sepsis is one of the most common pediatric practices. Signs and symptoms of
sepsis in a neonate... Suggested Readings
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... Evaline A. Alessandrini, MD, MSCE Fever and Petechiae - BASICS Fever and Petechiae - description Petechiae:Small hemorrhages into the superficial layers of the skin <3 mm in size > ... Fever and Petechiae - DIAGNOSIS ... Fever and Petechiae - TREATMENT ... Fever and Petechiae - FOLLOW UP ... Fever and Petechiae - bibliography ... Fever and Petechiae - CODES ... Fever and Petechiae - FAQ
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... Epidemiology
Patients undergoing chemotherapy are at considerable risk for serious infection.
The primary cell line affected by aggressive chemotherapy is the neutrophil.
The absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is calculated by multiplying the... Gram-negative Bacteria in Fever and Neutropenia
... Fungal Pathogens in Fever and Neutropenia
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Basic Issues in Pediatric Fever
Fever is a common presenting complaint in pediatrics. The pediatrician’s concern about fever in a child can be summarized by the following questions:
1. What is the chance, given this... Neonate (0 to 28 days) ... Infant (28 to 59 days) ... Children (3 months to 36 months) ... Future Considerations ... Selected Readings ... Pictures
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What is an allergy and what is it that causes some people to suffer from them? Why do allergies flare up during certain times of the year? Learn...
For most people, arthritis means simply pain in or around a joint. But there are over 100 different kinds of arthritis, each with its own set of...
Not all kidney stones are alike. Learn about the different types, and how each kind of stone brings its own specific problems.
One of the newest treatments for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is radioimmunotherapy, a clever mixture of old and new that better targets cancer cells.