Treatments for Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Treatments for Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome
The list of treatments mentioned in various sources
for Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome
includes the following list.
Always seek professional medical advice about any treatment
or change in treatment plans.
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Drugs and Medications used to treat Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome:
Note:You must always seek professional medical advice about any prescription drug, OTC drug, medication, treatment
or change in treatment plans.
Some of the different medications used in the treatment of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome include:
- Survanta- mainly used in premature infants
- Beractant - mainly used in premature infants
- Calfactant - mainly used to treat infants
- Infasurf - mainly used to treat infants
- Poractant alfa - mainly used in premature infants
- Curosurf - mainly used in premature infants
Latest treatments for Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome:
The following are some of the latest treatments for Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome:
Hospital statistics for Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome:
These medical statistics relate to hospitals, hospitalization and Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome:
- 0.058% (7,444) of hospital consultant episodes were for respiratory distress of newborn in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 67% of hospital consultant episodes for respiratory distress of newborn required hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 64% of hospital consultant episodes for respiratory distress of newborn were for men in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 36% of hospital consultant episodes for respiratory distress of newborn were for women in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- more hospital information...»
Hospitals & Medical Clinics: Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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More general information, not necessarily in relation to Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome,
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Book Excerpts: Treatment of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Treatments of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about the treatments of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
Cyanotic Newborn:
Treatment
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
-
NICU admission with cardiac monitor, pulse oximetry
- Supplemental O2 rarely helps with cardiac cyanosis, because the blood does not get to the lungs
-
Prostaglandin E1 used to open the ductus arteriosus and
increase blood flow to the lungs
–Side effects: Apnea (more common at higher doses)
–Must be prepared to intubate (advisable before
transport to a referral center)
–Fever and hypotension (via vasodilation)
-
Blalock-Taussig shunt
–Gore-Tex tube graft surgically placed from the innominate artery to the pulmonary artery
–Improves pulmonary blood flow
-
Balloon atrial septostomy
–In TGV, improves cyanosis by atrial mixing
–Catheter placed into L atrium, balloon inflated, and pulled back to R atrium to enlarge the atrial foramen
-
Anatomy determines further surgical repair or palliation
>
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Accessory muscle use:
Emergency interventions
(Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition))
If the patient displays increased accessory muscle use, immediately look for signs of acute respiratory distress. These include a decreased level of consciousness, shortness of breath when speaking, tachypnea, intercostal and sternal retractions, cyanosis, adventitious breath sounds (such as wheezing or stridor), diaphoresis, nasal flaring, and extreme apprehension or agitation. Quickly auscultate for abnormal, diminished, or absent breath sounds. Check for airway obstruction and, if detected, attempt to restore airway patency. Insert an airway or intubate the patient. Then begin suctioning and manual or mechanical ventilation. Assess oxygen saturation using pulse oximetry, if available. Administer oxygen; if the patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), use only a low flow rate for mild COPD exacerbations. You may need to use a high flow rate initially, but be attentive to the patient’s respiratory drive. Giving a patient with COPD too much oxygen may decrease his respiratory drive. An I.V. line may be required.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition), 2006
Acute respiratory distress syndrome:
Treatment (Tx)
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Treatment of underlying disorder, supportive care (oxygen, mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure, diuretics), correction of acid-base and electrolyte abnormalities, chemical paralysis if necessary
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Infant respiratory distress syndrome:
Treatment
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Treatment of an infant with IRDS requires vigorous respiratory support. Warm, humidified, oxygen-enriched gases are administered by oxygen hood or, if such treatment fails, by mechanical ventilation. Severe cases may require mechanical ventilation with PEEPor continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), administered by nasal prongs or, when necessary, endotracheal (ET) intubation. Special ventilation techniques are now used on the patients refractory to conventional mechanical ventilation. These include high-frequency jet ventilation and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is the last choice for ventilation and is only available in certain specialized facilities. Treatment of IRDS also includes:
❑ a radiant warmer or isolette for thermoregulation
❑ I.V. fluids and sodium bicarbonate to control acidosis and maintain fluid and electrolyte balance
❑ tube feedings or total parenteral nutrition if the neonate is too weak to eat
❑ administration of surfactant by an ET tube (Studies show that this treatment can prevent or improve the course of IRDS as well as reduce mortality.)
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Accessory muscle use:
Emergency interventions
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
If the patient displays increased accessory muscle use, immediately look for signs of acute respiratory distress. These include decreased level of consciousness, shortness of breath when speaking, tachypnea, intercostal and sternal retractions, cyanosis, external breath sounds (such as wheezing or stridor), diaphoresis, nasal flaring, and extreme apprehension or agitation. Quickly auscultate for abnormal, diminished, or absent breath sounds. Check for airway obstruction and, if detected, attempt to restore airway patency. Insert an airway or intubate the patient. Then begin suctioning and manual or mechanical ventilation. Assess oxygen saturation using pulse oximetry, if available. Administer oxygen; if the patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), use only a low flow rate for mild COPD exacerbations. You may need to use a high flow rate initially, but be attentive to the patient’s respiratory drive. Giving too much oxygen may decrease the patient’s respiratory drive. An I.V. line may be required.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition), 2006
Respirations, grunting:
Emergency interventions
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
If the patient exhibits grunting respirations, quickly place him in a comfortable position and check for signs of respiratory distress: wheezing; tachypnea (a minimum respiratory rate of 60 breaths/minute in infants, 40 breaths/minute in children ages 1 to 5, 30 breaths/minute in children older than age 5, or 20 breaths/minute in adults); accessory muscle use; substernal, subcostal, or intercostal retractions; nasal flaring; tachycardia (a minimum of 160 beats/minute in infants, 120 to 140 beats/minute in children ages 1 to 5, 120 beats/minute in children older age 5, or 100 beats/minute in adults); cyanotic lips or nail beds; hypotension (less than 80/40 mm Hg in infants, less than 80/50 mm Hg in children ages 1 to 5, less than 90/55 mm Hg in children older than age 5, or less than 90/60 mm Hg in adults); and decreased level of consciousness.
If you detect any of these signs, monitor oxygen saturation, and administer oxygen and prescribed medications such as a bronchodilator. Have emergency equipment available and prepare to intubate the patient if necessary. Obtain arterial blood gas analysis to determine oxygenation status.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition), 2006
Respiratory distress syndrome:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
An infant with respiratory distress syndrome requires vigorous respiratory support. Warm, humidified, oxygen-enriched gases are administered by oxygen hood or, if such treatment fails, by mechanical ventilation. Severe cases may require mechanical ventilation with PEEP or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), administered by a tightly fitting face mask or, when necessary, endotracheal (ET) intubation.
Treatment also includes:
❑ a radiant infant warmer or Isolette for thermoregulation
❑ I.V. fluids and sodium bicarbonate to control acidosis and maintain fluid and electrolyte balance
❑ tube feedings or total parenteral nutrition if the neonate is too weak to eat
❑ administration of surfactant by an ET tube.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Acuterespiratory distress syndrome:
Treatment
(Handbook of Diseases)
When possible, treatment is designed to correct the underlying cause of ARDS and to prevent progression and potentially fatal complications of hypoxemia and respiratory acidosis. Supportive medical care involves administering humidified oxygen through a tight-fitting mask, which allows for the use of continuous positive airway pressure. Hypoxemia that doesn’t respond adequately to these measures requires ventilatory support with intubation, volume ventilation, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and increased ratio ventilation. Other supportive measures include fluid restriction, diuretics, and the correction of electrolyte and acid-base abnormalities.
UNDER STUDY: Experimental treatments are in progress using whole lung lavage with fluorocarbons. Initial therapies in select cases have been promising.
CLINICAL TIP: When ARDS requires mechanical ventilation, a sedative, narcotic, or neuromuscular blocker may be prescribed to minimize restlessness — and thereby oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production — as well as to facilitate ventilation.
If ARDS results from fat emboli or chemical injury to the lungs, a short course of high-dose steroids may help if given early. Treatment to reverse severe metabolic acidosis with sodium bicarbonate may be necessary, and the use of fluids and a vasopressor may be required to maintain blood pressure. Treatable infections require an antimicrobial.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Respirations, grunting:
Nursing considerations
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
Closely monitor the patient’s condition. Keep emergency equipment nearby in case respiratory distress worsens. Prepare to administer oxygen using an oxygen hood or tent. Continually monitor ABG levels and deliver the minimum amount of oxygen possible, to avoid causing retinopathy of prematurity from excessively high oxygen levels.
Begin inhalation therapy with a bronchodilator, and administer an I.V. antimicrobial if the patient has pneumonia (or, in some cases, status asthmaticus). Follow these measures with chest physical therapy, as necessary. (See Positioning an infant for chest physical therapy, pages 254 and 255.)
Prepare the patient for chest X-rays. Because sedatives are contraindicated during respiratory distress, the restless child must be restrained during testing, as necessary. To prevent exposure to radiation, wear a lead apron and cover the child’s genital area with a lead shield. If a blood culture is ordered, be sure to record on the laboratory slip current antibiotic use.
Remember to explain all procedures to the patient’s parents and to provide emotional support.
Patient teaching
Teach the patient’s parents how to perform respiratory care and therapy in the home. Instruct them in the proper use of prescribed medications. Explain signs and symptoms that require immediate attention. If the grunting is related to asthma, teach the parents measures to assist them in managing the condition and reducing allergins in the home environment.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series, 2007
Accessory muscle use:
Emergency Actions
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
If the patient displays increased accessory muscle use, immediately look for signs of acute respiratory distress, including decreased level of consciousness, shortness of breath when speaking, tachypnea, intercostal and sternal retractions, cyanosis, external breath sounds (such as wheezing or stridor), diaphoresis, nasal flaring, and extreme apprehension or agitation. Quickly auscultate for abnormal, diminished, or absent breath sounds. Check for airway obstruction and, if detected, attempt to restore airway patency. Insert an airway or intubate the patient. Then begin suctioning and manual or mechanical ventilation. Assess oxygen saturation using pulse oximetry if available. Then administer oxygen. You may need to use a high flow rate initially, but be attentive to the patient’s respiratory drive (too much oxygen may decrease respiratory drive). If the patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), use only a low flow rate for mild COPD exacerbations. An I.V. line also may be required.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007
Respirations, grunting:
Emergency Actions
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
If the patient exhibits grunting respirations, quickly place him in a comfortable position and check for signs of respiratory distress: wheezing; tachypnea (a minimum respiratory rate of 60 breaths/minute in infants, 40 breaths/minute in children ages 1 to 5, 30 breaths/
minute in children older than age 5, or 20 breaths/minute in adults); accessory muscle use; substernal, subcostal, or intercostal retractions; nasal flaring; tachycardia (a minimum of 160 beats/minute in infants, 120 to 140 beats/minute in children ages 1 to 5, 120 beats/minute in children older than age 5, or 100 beats per minute in adults); cyanotic lips or nail beds; hypotension (less than 80/40 mm Hg in infants, less than 80/50 mm Hg in children ages 1 to 5, less than 90/55 mm Hg in children older than age 5, or less than 90/60 mm Hg in adults); and decreased level of consciousness. If you detect any of these signs, monitor oxygen saturation and administer oxygen and prescribed medications such as a bronchodilator. Also, have emergency equipment available, and prepare to intubate the patient if necessary. Obtain arterial blood gas analysis to determine oxygenation status.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007
Accessory muscle use:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ If the patient is alert, elevate the head of the bed to make his breathing as easy as possible.
▪ Encourage him to get plenty of rest.
▪ Reinforce the importance of drinking plenty of fluids to liquefy secretions.
▪ Administer oxygen, as ordered.
▪ Prepare the patient for such tests as PFTs, chest X-rays, lung scans, arterial blood gas analysis, complete blood count, and sputum culture.
Patient teaching
▪ Explain the underlying disorder and treatment plan.
▪ Explain how smoking endangers the patient's health, and refer him to an organized program to stop smoking.
▪ Teach him the signs and symptoms of infection, when to report them, and about prevention.
▪ Explain the purpose of prescribed drugs, such as bronchodilators and mucolytics, and make sure he knows their dosage, schedule, and how to administer them.
▪ Teach the patient relaxation techniques to reduce his apprehension and improve breathing.
▪ Provide instruction on pursed-lip breathing for patients with chronic lung disorders.
▪ Teach the patient coughing and deep- breathing exercises to help keep airways clear.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Respirations, grunting:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ Closely monitor the patient's respiratory status.
▪ Keep emergency equipment nearby in case respiratory distress worsens.
▪ Administer oxygen.
▪ Continually monitor arterial blood gas levels and deliver the minimum amount of oxygen possible to avoid causing retinopathy of prematurity from excessively high oxygen levels.
▪ Begin inhalation therapy with a bronchodilator.
▪ Administer an I.V. antimicrobial if the patient has pneumonia.
▪ Perform chest physical therapy as necessary.
▪ Prepare the patient for chest X-rays or computed tomography scan.
Patient teaching
▪ Explain the disorder and treatment plan.
▪ Explain all procedures to the patient or his parents and provide emotional support.
▪ Teach techniques for home respiratory care and therapy.
▪ Give instructions on the proper use of prescribed drugs.
▪ Explain the signs and symptoms to report.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
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