Following is a list of causes or underlying conditions (see also Misdiagnosis of underlying causes of Nephrocalcinosis) that could possibly cause Nephrocalcinosis includes:
The follow list shows some of the possible medical causes of Nephrocalcinosis that are listed by the Diseases Database:
Other conditions that might have Nephrocalcinosis as a complication may, potentially, be an underlying cause of Nephrocalcinosis. Our database lists the following as having Nephrocalcinosis as a complication of that condition:
Conditions listing Nephrocalcinosis as a symptom may also be potential underlying causes of Nephrocalcinosis. Our database lists the following as having Nephrocalcinosis as a symptom of that condition:
The following drugs, medications, substances or toxins are some of the possible
causes of Nephrocalcinosis as a symptom.
This list is incomplete and various other drugs or substances
may cause your symptoms.
Always advise your doctor of any medications or treatments you are using,
including prescription, over-the-counter, supplements, herbal or alternative treatments.
Read more about medication causes of Nephrocalcinosis
As with all medical conditions, there may be many causal factors. Further relevant information on causes of Nephrocalcinosis may be found in:
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE! Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration, for more information about the causes of Nephrocalcinosis.
Common causes of hypocalcemia include:
❑ inadequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, in which inadequate levels of vitamin D inhibit intestinal absorption of calcium
❑ hypoparathyroidism as a result of injury, disease, or surgery that decreases or eliminates secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is necessary for calcium absorption and normal serum calcium levels
❑ malabsorption or loss of calcium from the GI tract, caused by increased intestinal motility from severe diarrhea or laxative abuse; can also result from inadequate levels of vitamin D or PTH, or a reduction in gastric acidity, decreasing the solubility of calcium salts
❑ severe infections or burns, in which diseased and burned tissue traps calcium from the extracellular fluid
❑ overcorrection of acidosis, resulting in alkalosis, which causes decreased ionized calcium and induces symptoms of hypocalcemia
❑ pancreatic insufficiency, which may cause malabsorption of calcium and subsequent calcium loss in feces. In pancreatitis, participation of calcium ions in saponification contributes to calcium loss
❑ renal failure, resulting in excessive excretion of calcium secondary to increased retention of phosphate
❑ hypomagnesemia, which causes decreased PTH secretion and blocks the peripheral action of that hormone.
Causes of hypercalcemia include the following:
❑ hyperparathyroidism, which increases serum calcium levels by promoting calcium absorption from the intestine, resorption from bone, and reabsorption from the kidneys
❑ hypervitaminosis D, which can promote increased absorption of calcium from the intestine
❑ tumors, which raise serum calcium levels by destroying bone or by releasing PTH or a PTH-like substance, osteoclast-activating factor, prostaglandins and, perhaps, a vitamin D-like sterol
❑ multiple fractures and prolonged immobilization, which release bone calcium and raise the serum calcium level
❑ multiple myeloma, which promotes loss of calcium from bone.
Other causes include milk-alkali syndrome, sarcoidosis, hyperthyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, thiazide diuretics, and loss of serum albumin secondary to renal disease.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Several factors can cause calcium imbalance.
❑ Inadequate intake of calcium and vitamin D results in inhibited intestinal absorption of calcium.
❑ Hypoparathyroidism as a result of injury, disease, or surgery decreases or eliminates secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is necessary for calcium absorption and normal serum calcium levels.
❑ Malabsorption or loss of calcium from the GI tract can result from increased intestinal motility from severe diarrhea or laxative abuse. Malabsorption of calcium from the GI tract can also result from inadequate levels of vitamin D or PTH or a reduction in gastric acidity, which decreases the solubility of calcium salts.
❑ Severe infections or burns can lead to diseased and burned tissue trapping calcium from the extracellular fluid.
❑ Overcorrection of acidosis can lead to alkalosis, which causes decreased ionized calcium and induces symptoms of hypocalcemia.
❑ Pancreatic insufficiency may cause malabsorption of calcium and subsequent calcium loss in stool. In pancreatitis, participation of calcium ions in saponification contributes to calcium loss.
❑ Renal failure results in excessive excretion of calcium secondary to increased phosphate retention. Renal failure also results in loss of the active metabolite of vitamin D, which impairs calcium absorption.
❑ Hypomagnesemia causes decreased PTH secretion and blocks the peripheral action of that hormone.
❑ Hyperparathyroidism increases serum calcium levels by promoting calcium absorption from the intestine, resorption from bone, and reabsorption from the kidneys.
❑ Hypervitaminosis D can promote increased absorption of calcium from the intestine.
❑ Tumors raise serum calcium levels by destroying bone or by releasing PTH or a PTH-like substance, osteoclast-activating factor, prostaglandins and, perhaps, a vitamin D–like sterol.
❑ Multiple fractures and prolonged immobilization release bone calcium and raise the serum calcium level.
❑ Multiple myeloma promotes loss of calcium from bone.
Other causes include milk-alkali syndrome, sarcoidosis, hyperthyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, and thiazide diuretics.
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
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